加拿大成年人心理困扰与健康行为之间的关系：基于性别、收入、教育程度、移民身份和种族的差异。
Relationships between psychological distress and health behaviors among Canadian adults: Differences based on gender, income, education, immigrant status, and ethnicity.
作者信息
St-Pierre Myriane, Sinclair Isabelle, Elgbeili Guillaume, Bernard Paquito, Dancause Kelsey Needham
机构信息
Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Département des Sciences de l'activité Physique, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Douglas Hospital Research Center, Psychosocial Research Division, Montreal, QC, Canada.
出版信息
SSM Popul Health. 2019 Apr 29;7:100385. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100385. eCollection 2019 Apr.
OBJECTIVE
Psychosocial health predicts physical health outcomes in both clinical samples and the general population. One mechanism is through relationships with health behaviors. Results might differ based on sociodemographic characteristics such as education, income, ethnicity, and immigrant status. Our objective was to analyze sociodemographic differences in relationships between psychosocial health measures and health behaviors in the general population of Canadian adults.
METHODS
We analyzed relationships between non-specific psychological distress, assessed using the Kessler-10 scale, and five key health behaviors: fruit and vegetable intake, screen sedentary behavior, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and cigarette use. Data were collected by Statistics Canada for the Canadian Community Health Survey in 2011-2014. Our sample included 54,789 participants representative of 14,555,346 Canadian adults. We used univariate general linear models on the weighted sample to analyze relationships between distress (predictor) and each health behavior, controlling for age. We entered sex and one of four sociodemographic variable of interest (education, income, ethnicity, immigrant status) into each model to analyze gender and sociodemographic differences in relationships.
RESULTS
Greater distress predicted less fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity, and greater screen sedentary behavior and cigarette use, in the full sample, with small effect sizes (partial η up to 0.013). Differences by gender and sociodemographic characteristics were evident for all health behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS
Psychosocial health might contribute to persistent socioeconomic disparities in health in part through relationships with health behaviors, although relationships in the general population are modest. Health behavior interventions incorporating psychosocial health might need to be tailored based on socioeconomic characteristics, and future research on intersections between multiple sociodemographic risk factors remains necessary.
目的
社会心理健康状况可预测临床样本及普通人群的身体健康结果。一种机制是通过与健康行为的关联。结果可能因社会人口学特征（如教育程度、收入、种族和移民身份）而异。我们的目的是分析加拿大成年普通人群中社会心理健康指标与健康行为之间关系的社会人口学差异。
方法
我们分析了使用凯斯勒10量表评估的非特异性心理困扰与五种关键健康行为之间的关系：水果和蔬菜摄入量、久坐行为、体育活动、饮酒量和吸烟情况。数据由加拿大统计局在2011 - 2014年加拿大社区健康调查中收集。我们的样本包括54,789名参与者，代表了14,555,346名加拿大成年人。我们在加权样本上使用单变量一般线性模型来分析困扰（预测变量）与每种健康行为之间的关系，并控制年龄因素。我们将性别和四个感兴趣的社会人口学变量之一（教育程度、收入、种族、移民身份）纳入每个模型，以分析关系中的性别和社会人口学差异。
结果
在整个样本中，更大的困扰预示着水果和蔬菜摄入量及体育活动减少，久坐行为和吸烟增多，效应量较小（偏η高达0.013）。所有健康行为在性别和社会人口学特征方面均存在明显差异。
结论
社会心理健康状况可能部分通过与健康行为的关联导致健康方面持续存在社会经济差异，尽管普通人群中的这种关联程度适中。纳入社会心理健康因素的健康行为干预可能需要根据社会经济特征进行调整，并且有必要对多种社会人口学风险因素之间的交叉影响开展进一步研究。
Zotero 插件