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年轻人和老年人进行股四头肌和股二头肌疲劳性向心收缩运动后扭矩稳定性和神经肌肉反应。

Torque steadiness and neuromuscular responses following fatiguing concentric exercise of the knee extensor and flexor muscles in young and older individuals.

机构信息

School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

出版信息

Exp Gerontol. 2019 Sep;124:110636. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110636. Epub 2019 Jun 11.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the age-related alterations in the ability to exert maximal and to sustain submaximal isometric muscle torques after a fatiguing concentric exercise conducted with knee extensor (KE) and flexor (KF) muscles. Sixteen young (aged 19-30 years; 8 women) and 17 older (aged 65-75 years; 9 women) volunteers participated. The following tasks were performed before and immediately after 22 maximal concentric efforts of the right KE and KF at 1.05 rad/s: (1) a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) task involving both KE and KF; and (2) a KE torque-steadiness task at a submaximal target contraction intensity (20% MVIC). During the dynamometric tests, surface EMG was recorded simultaneously from the KE and KF muscles. Fatigue-induced reductions in knee extension MVIC were similar (15%) between groups, but young participants showed more pronounced declines in agonist (i.e. quadriceps) EMG responses in both time (RMS amplitude; ~15% vs. ~10%, p < 0.001) and frequency (median frequency; ~14% vs. ~8%, p < 0.01) domains. Torque steadiness exhibited a similar post-fatigue decrease in the two age groups (p < 0.01), but interestingly agonist activation (17%; p < 0.001) and antagonist (i.e. hamstrings) co-activation (~16%; p < 0.001) declined only in the older participants. These findings suggest that the fatiguing concentric KE and KF exercise results in similar relative reductions (%) in maximal torque and steadiness of the KE in young and older individuals, but they are sustained by different age-related neuromuscular strategies.

摘要

这项研究的目的是调查与年龄相关的变化,即在进行疲劳性向心运动后,伸膝(KE)和屈肌(KF)肌肉的最大和维持亚最大等长肌肉扭矩的能力。16 名年轻志愿者(年龄 19-30 岁;8 名女性)和 17 名老年志愿者(年龄 65-75 岁;9 名女性)参与了研究。在进行以下任务之前和之后立即进行了 22 次右膝 KE 和 KF 的最大向心收缩:(1)最大自主等长收缩(MVIC)任务,涉及 KE 和 KF;(2)在亚最大目标收缩强度(20%MVIC)下的 KE 扭矩稳定性任务。在测力测试期间,同时从 KE 和 KF 肌肉记录表面肌电图。两组之间的膝关节伸展 MVIC 疲劳诱导减少相似(15%),但年轻参与者在时间(均方根振幅;15%比10%,p<0.001)和频率(中频;14%比8%,p<0.01)两个方面的激动剂(即股四头肌)EMG 反应都表现出更明显的下降。两组的扭矩稳定性在疲劳后都表现出类似的下降(p<0.01),但有趣的是,激动剂激活(17%;p<0.001)和拮抗剂(即腘绳肌)共同激活(~16%;p<0.001)仅在老年参与者中下降。这些发现表明,疲劳性向心 KE 和 KF 运动导致年轻和老年个体的 KE 最大扭矩和稳定性的相对减少(%)相似,但它们由不同的与年龄相关的神经肌肉策略维持。

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