Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China.
DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, MD 21045, USA.
Poult Sci. 2019 Nov 1;98(11):6091-6099. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez316.
This study was conducted to determine the impact of different feed additives on reproductive performance, egg quality, intestinal morphology, and blood metabolic profile of broiler breeder with different egg-laying rate. A total of 512 AA broiler breeders (48 wk old) were used in a 2 × 4 factorial design which encompassed 2 egg-laying rate levels [average (AR) and low (LR)] and 4 different dietary groups [control (no additive), 6 × 108 CFU/kg Enterococcus faecium (EF), 200 mg/kg apple pectic oligosaccharide (APO), and 1,000 mg/kg tributyrin (TRI)]. As expected, the LR breeders presented higher egg weight, eggshell thickness (P < 0.05), and feed conversion ratio as well as lower egg-laying and qualified egg rate than the AR breeders (P < 0.01). Dietary supplementation with the 3 additives improved egg weight (P ≤ 0.01). Dietary APO addition improved albumen height and Haugh units (P < 0.05) in both AR and LR breeders. Compared with APO and TRI, dietary EF addition increased eggshell thickness (P ≤ 0.01). An effect of the egg-laying rate and dietary additives on eggshell thickness (P < 0.01) was noted, with the addition of EF enhancing the eggshell thickness, which is more pronounced in the AR group. The duodenum of AR breeders presented a lower crypt depth and a higher villus/crypt ratio (P < 0.05); moreover, an effect of the laying rate and dietary additives on crypt depth was noted (P < 0.05), with the addition of APO to the diet resulting in a lower crypt depth. Compared with the APO and TRI, dietary EF addition increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level in serum (P < 0.05). Overall, the results gathered in this study indicate that LR breeders have lower production performance, eggshell thickness and decreased gastrointestinal tract functionality in compared with the AR breeders. Dietary supplementation with APO might improve albumen quality and decrease duodenal morphology, while EF improved eggshell quality and FSH secretion, and the improvement was more pronounced in the breeders with an average egg-laying rate.
这项研究旨在确定不同饲料添加剂对具有不同产蛋率的肉鸡种鸡繁殖性能、蛋品质、肠道形态和血液代谢特征的影响。采用 2×4 析因设计，选用 512 只 48 周龄 AA 肉鸡种鸡，包括 2 个产蛋率水平[平均（AR）和低（LR）]和 4 个不同日粮组[对照组（无添加剂）、6×108CFU/kg 屎肠球菌（EF）、200mg/kg 苹果果胶低聚糖（APO）和 1000mg/kg 三丁酸甘油酯（TRI）]。如预期的那样，LR 种鸡的蛋重、蛋壳厚度（P<0.05）和饲料转化率更高，产蛋率和合格蛋率更低（P<0.01）。三种添加剂的日粮添加均提高了蛋重（P≤0.01）。日粮 APO 添加提高了 AR 和 LR 种鸡的蛋白高度和哈夫单位（P<0.05）。与 APO 和 TRI 相比，日粮 EF 添加提高了蛋壳厚度（P≤0.01）。产蛋率和日粮添加剂对蛋壳厚度有影响（P<0.01），EF 添加增强了蛋壳厚度，在 AR 组中更为明显。AR 种鸡的十二指肠隐窝深度较低，绒毛/隐窝比更高（P<0.05）；此外，还观察到产蛋率和日粮添加剂对隐窝深度的影响（P<0.05），日粮中添加 APO 导致隐窝深度降低。与 APO 和 TRI 相比，日粮 EF 添加增加了血清中促卵泡激素（FSH）水平（P<0.05）。总的来说，本研究结果表明，LR 种鸡的生产性能、蛋壳厚度和胃肠道功能均低于 AR 种鸡。APO 日粮添加可能改善蛋白品质，降低十二指肠形态，EF 改善蛋壳品质和 FSH 分泌，在平均产蛋率种鸡中改善更为明显。
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