College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Food Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2019 Nov;100:103413. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103413. Epub 2019 Jun 11.
The objective of this study is to explore the immune response of the shrimp Penaeus vannamei to low temperature and air exposure during the mimic waterless transportation. Shrimp were cold shocked at 13 °C for 3 min, then exposed to air at 15 °C for 12 h, and finally revived in water at 25 °C. Hemocyte structure remained intact with only slight distortions of some organelles and nuclear membrane under the stress. Phenoloxidase (PO), lysozyme (Lys) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities, glutamine (Gln) content and relative mRNA expressions of prophenoloxidase (proPO), β-1,3-glucan binding protein (LGBP), ferrin (Fer) and glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP 78) increased and reached peak levels after 3 h-9 h of air exposure, and then decreased to relatively stable levels in the prolonged period of air exposure. The total hemocyte count (THC) and gene expressions of proPO, Fer and LGBP at the end of waterless storage were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those in fresh shrimp while no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) was found between revived and fresh shrimp in PO, Lys, GGT activities, Gln content and gene expression level of GRP 78. Of all the hemocytes, the percentage of semi granular cells (SGC) and granular cells (GC) significantly decreased after 6-9 h of storage, while hyaline cells (HC) dramatically increased after 9 h of storage to compensate the loss of SGC and GC. Results suggested that the low temperature and air exposure caused significant immunological response to the shrimp, but the damages to the immune system were partly reparable.
本研究旨在探讨凡纳滨对虾在模拟无水运输过程中低温和空气暴露的免疫反应。虾在 13°C 下冷休克 3 分钟，然后在 15°C 下暴露于空气中 12 小时，最后在 25°C 的水中复苏。在应激下，血细胞结构保持完整，只有一些细胞器和核膜稍有扭曲。酚氧化酶（PO）、溶菌酶（Lys）和γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）活性、谷氨酰胺（Gln）含量以及原酚氧化酶（proPO）、β-1,3-葡聚糖结合蛋白（LGBP）、铁蛋白（Fer）和葡萄糖调节蛋白 78（GRP 78）的相对 mRNA 表达在空气暴露 3-9 小时后增加并达到峰值，然后在空气暴露的延长时间内下降到相对稳定的水平。无水储存结束时的总血细胞计数（THC）和 proPO、Fer 和 LGBP 的基因表达显著低于新鲜虾（p<0.05），而复苏虾和新鲜虾之间的 PO、Lys、GGT 活性、Gln 含量和 GRP 78 的基因表达水平无显著差异（p≥0.05）。在所有血细胞中，半颗粒细胞（SGC）和颗粒细胞（GC）的百分比在储存 6-9 小时后显著下降，而透明细胞（HC）在储存 9 小时后急剧增加，以弥补 SGC 和 GC 的损失。结果表明，低温和空气暴露对虾造成了显著的免疫反应，但免疫系统的损伤部分是可修复的。
