Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Viruses. 2019 Jun 13;11(6):549. doi: 10.3390/v11060549.
Multiple host factors are known to play important roles in hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication, in immune responses induced by HCV infection, or in processes that facilitate virus escape from immune clearance, while yet only few studies examined the contribution of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs/lncRs). Using microarrays, we identified lncRNAs with altered expression levels in HCV replicating Huh-7.5 hepatoma cells. Of these, lncR 8(/) was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to be upregulated early after HCV infection. After suppressing the expression of lncR 8, HCV RNA and protein were downregulated, confirming a positive correlation between lncR 8 expression and HCV replication. lncR 8 knockdown in Huh-7.5 cells reduced expression of the neighboring gene G protein-coupled receptor 55 () mRNA level at early times, and leads to increased levels of several Interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) including , and . Importantly, the effect of lncR 8 on ISGs and precedes its effect on HCV replication. Furthermore, knockdown of mRNA induces ISG expression, providing a possible link between lncR 8 and ISGs. We conclude that HCV induces lncR 8 expression, while lncR 8 indirectly favors HCV replication by stimulating expression of its neighboring gene , which in turn downregulates expression of ISGs. The latter fact is also consistent with an anti-inflammatory role of . These events may contribute to the failure to eliminate ongoing HCV infection.
已知多种宿主因素在丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 复制、HCV 感染诱导的免疫反应或促进病毒逃避免疫清除的过程中发挥重要作用,而仅有少数研究探讨了长非编码 RNA(lncRNA/lncR)的作用。我们使用微阵列鉴定了在 HCV 复制的 Huh-7.5 肝癌细胞中表达水平发生改变的 lncRNA。通过实时定量 PCR(qRT-PCR)验证,lncR 8(/)在 HCV 感染后早期被上调。抑制 lncR 8 的表达后,HCV RNA 和蛋白表达下调,证实 lncR 8 的表达与 HCV 复制呈正相关。lncR 8 在 Huh-7.5 细胞中的敲低会在早期降低邻近基因 G 蛋白偶联受体 55 () mRNA 水平的表达,并导致包括 、 和 在内的几种干扰素刺激基因 (ISG) 的水平升高。重要的是,lncR 8 对 ISGs 和 的作用先于其对 HCV 复制的作用。此外,下调 mRNA 会诱导 ISG 表达,为 lncR 8 与 ISGs 之间提供了可能的联系。我们得出结论,HCV 诱导 lncR 8 的表达,而 lncR 8 通过刺激其邻近基因 的表达间接有利于 HCV 复制,进而下调 ISGs 的表达。这一事实也与 的抗炎作用一致。这些事件可能导致持续的 HCV 感染无法被清除。