Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jun 13;20(12):2892. doi: 10.3390/ijms20122892.
It is now becomingly increasingly evident that the functions of the mammalian Y chromosome are not circumscribed to the induction of male sex. While animal studies have shown variations in the Y are strongly accountable for blood pressure (BP), this is yet to be confirmed in humans. We have recently shown modulation of adaptive immunity to be a significant mechanism underpinning Y-chromosome-dependent differences in BP in consomic strains. This is paralleled by studies in man showing Y chromosome haplogroup is a significant predictor for coronary artery disease through influencing pathways of immunity. Furthermore, recent studies in mice and humans have shown that Y chromosome lineage determines susceptibility to autoimmune disease. Here we review the evidence in animals and humans that Y chromosome lineage influences hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk, with a novel focus on pathways of immunity as a significant pathway involved.
现在越来越明显的是，哺乳动物 Y 染色体的功能不仅限于诱导雄性性别。虽然动物研究表明，Y 染色体的变异强烈影响血压（BP），但这在人类中尚未得到证实。我们最近表明，适应性免疫的调节是支持同基因系中 Y 染色体依赖性血压差异的重要机制。这与人类研究相平行，表明 Y 染色体单倍型通过影响免疫途径，是冠心病的一个重要预测因子。此外，最近在小鼠和人类中的研究表明，Y 染色体谱系决定了自身免疫性疾病的易感性。在这里，我们回顾了动物和人类中的证据，表明 Y 染色体谱系影响高血压和心血管疾病的风险，其中一个新的焦点是免疫途径作为一个重要的参与途径。
