Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, 100191, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2019 Jun 14;19(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1183-2.
Self-rated health (SRH) have been widely used as a valid indicator of health status at the population and individual level. We aimed to investigate the distribution and correlates of global SRH and age-comparative SRH in elderly Chinese.
Survey of 57,693 men and 67,089 women aged 60 years and above was conducted in five rural (Gansu, Sichuan, Hunan, Henan, Zhejiang) and five urban areas (Heilongjiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Guangxi, Hainan) in China between 2004 and 2008. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the relations of different factors with global SRH and age-comparative SRH.
Among the participants, 38.33% reported their global SRH as good or excellent while 61.67% as fair or poor, and 17.70% reported better age-comparative SRH while 17.99% as worse. In the multivariate model, compared to women, men tended to report a good global SRH and better age-comparative SRH, urban residents tend to report good global SRH and better age-comparative SRH. The socioeconomic and health behavior factors that were associated with good global SRH and better age-comparative SRH (with varying strengths of association) included: high educational level, high household income, house ownership, quitting smoking by own choices, occasional and current alcohol drinking, overweight, and high physical activity level. The factors that were associated with poor global SRH and worse age-comparative SRH included: quitting smoking by illness, former drinking, underweight, and weight lost ≥2.5 kg in the previous year.
We found a moderate level of good global SRH and a low level of better age-comparative SRH among elderly Chinese. We identified a number of demographic, socioeconomic and health behavior factors that were related to SRH measures. Our study emphasizes the importance of incorporating both global and age-comparative SRH measures in future studies, and considering gender inequalities and urban/rural disparity, as well as socioeconomic status and health behaviors as important modifiers of health.
自评健康（SRH）已被广泛用作人群和个体健康状况的有效指标。本研究旨在调查中国老年人的总体 SRH 和年龄比较性 SRH 的分布和相关因素。
2004 年至 2008 年期间，在中国五个农村（甘肃、四川、湖南、河南、浙江）和五个城市（黑龙江、山东、江苏、广西、海南）对 57693 名男性和 67089 名女性进行了调查。采用 Logistic 回归模型计算了不同因素与总体 SRH 和年龄比较性 SRH 的关系。
在参与者中，38.33%报告总体 SRH 良好或优秀，61.67%报告一般或较差，17.70%报告年龄比较性 SRH 更好，17.99%报告更差。在多变量模型中，与女性相比，男性更倾向于报告良好的总体 SRH 和更好的年龄比较性 SRH，城市居民更倾向于报告良好的总体 SRH 和更好的年龄比较性 SRH。与良好的总体 SRH 和更好的年龄比较性 SRH（关联强度不同）相关的社会经济和健康行为因素包括：高教育水平、高家庭收入、房屋所有权、自主戒烟、偶尔和经常饮酒、超重和高身体活动水平。与较差的总体 SRH 和更差的年龄比较性 SRH 相关的因素包括：因病戒烟、曾经饮酒、体重过轻以及前一年体重减轻≥2.5 公斤。
我们发现中国老年人的总体 SRH 水平中等，年龄比较性 SRH 水平较低。我们确定了一些与 SRH 测量相关的人口统计学、社会经济和健康行为因素。我们的研究强调了在未来研究中同时纳入总体和年龄比较性 SRH 测量的重要性，并考虑到性别不平等和城乡差异，以及社会经济地位和健康行为作为健康的重要调节因素。
