Prospective Evaluation of PSMA-Targeted F-DCFPyL PET/CT in Men with Biochemical Failure After Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer.

Our purpose is to provide the results of a prospective study evaluating prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted F-DCFPyL (2-(3-{1-carboxy-5-[(6-F-fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino]-pentyl}-ureido)-pentanedioic acid) PET/CT in patients with biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer (PCa). Thirty-one patients with postprostatectomy serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of at least 0.2 ng/mL and negative conventional imaging results were enrolled in this study and imaged with F-DCFPyL PET/CT. A consensus central review identified foci of radiotracer uptake consistent with sites of PCa. Descriptive statistics were used. Twenty-one patients (67.7%) had at least 1 finding on F-DCFPyL PET/CT consistent with a site of PCa. Imaging was positive in 59.1% of patients with a PSA level of less than 1.0 ng/mL and in 88.9% of patients with a PSA level of more than 1.0 ng/mL. The median SUV across all lesions was 11.6 (range, 1.5-57.6). In this prospective study using the prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted PET agent F-DCFPyL, most patients with biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy had foci of suggestive uptake, even at low serum PSA levels.