Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2019 Nov;69(11):1368-1376. doi: 10.1080/10962247.2019.1629356. Epub 2019 Oct 15.
Malodor is becoming the main secondary pollution in the municipal sewage sludge-composting process. Ammonia and volatile sulfide compounds (VSCs) are the representative odorants that generated and emitted during the composting process. The emission characteristics of ammonia and VSCs were studied at different workshops in a full-scale municipal sludge-composting plant in North People's Republic of China. Results show that ammonia was the most dominant odorant of all the workshops and relative high concentrations of VSCs were detected at sludge stacking yard and composting workshop. The odor pattern of VSCs at the composting workshop and stacking yard were different. The odor pollution occurred mainly in the first 15 days of the composting process, in which the odor contribution of ammonia increased with time and the VSCs contributed largely in the first 5 days. The cumulative release concentration of VSCs from compost materials was in the order of DMDS (dimethyl disulfide) > DMS (dimethyl sulfide) > CS2 > MT (methyl mercaptan), and the total VSCs release concentration was in the range of 50-3200 μg·m. The production of ammonia correlated to the temperature and nitrogen content and state changes, however, the production of VSCs was more complicated due to the reaction and transformation of VSCs. Optimization of aerobic composting conditions and process parameters should be further studied to reduce the emission of odor gas from compost. Along with the widespread use of sludge aerobic composting in People's Republic of China, the malodor pollution during the composting treatment is becoming a serious environmental issue. The odor pollution occurred mainly in the first 15 days, and ammonia was the main odorant of all the workshops and need to be controlled. Relative high concentrations of VSCs were detected at sludge stacking yard and composting workshop, however, the odor impact of VSCs were different. The generation of VSCs is more complicated than ammonia due to the reaction and transformation of VSCs.
臭味正在成为城市污水污泥堆肥过程中的主要二次污染。氨和挥发性硫化物（VSCs）是在堆肥过程中产生和排放的代表性气味物质。在中国北方的一个全规模城市污泥堆肥厂的不同车间研究了氨和 VSCs 的排放特征。结果表明，氨是所有车间中最主要的气味物质，在污泥堆场和堆肥车间检测到相对较高浓度的 VSCs。堆肥车间和堆场的 VSCs 气味模式不同。气味污染主要发生在堆肥过程的前 15 天，在此期间，氨的气味贡献随时间增加，VSCs 在头 5 天贡献较大。从堆肥材料中释放的 VSCs 的累积释放浓度顺序为 DMDS（二甲基二硫）> DMS（二甲基硫）> CS2> MT（甲基硫醇），总 VSCs 释放浓度在 50-3200μg·m 之间。氨的产生与温度和氮含量以及状态变化有关，然而，由于 VSCs 的反应和转化，VSCs 的产生更加复杂。应该进一步研究优化好氧堆肥条件和工艺参数，以减少堆肥过程中恶臭气体的排放。随着污泥好氧堆肥在中国的广泛应用，堆肥处理过程中的恶臭污染正成为一个严重的环境问题。气味污染主要发生在前 15 天，氨是所有车间的主要气味物质，需要加以控制。在污泥堆场和堆肥车间检测到相对较高浓度的 VSCs，但 VSCs 的气味影响不同。由于 VSCs 的反应和转化，VSCs 的产生比氨更加复杂。
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