Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Oct 15;687:433-440. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.128. Epub 2019 Jun 10.
Both nitrous oxide (NO) and nitric oxide (NO) emissions are typically high in greenhouse-based high N input vegetable soils. Biochar amendment has been widely recommended for mitigating soil NO emissions in agriculture. However, knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of fresh and aged biochar for both NO and NO production during ammonia oxidation is lacking. Two vegetable soils with different pH values were used in aerobic incubation experiments with 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO), 1-octyne and acetylene. The relative importance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) to NO and NO production was investigated as influenced by fresh and aged biochar amendments. The results showed that AOA dominated NO production in acidic soil, while AOB dominated NO production in alkaline soil. Aged biochar stimulated both AOA- and AOB-derived NO and NO production by 84.8 and 340%, respectively, in acidic soil but only increased AOA-derived NO and NO production in alkaline soil. Fresh biochar amendment increased AOA- and AOB-derived NO in acidic soil and AOA-derived NO in alkaline soil but had negligible effects on AOA- and AOB-derived NO in both soils. Fresh biochar decreased AOA-amoA but increased AOB-amoA gene abundances in acidic soil, whereas aged biochar increased AOA- and AOB-amoA gene abundances in both soils. These findings improved our understanding of NO and NO production mechanisms under different biochar amendments in alkaline and acidic vegetable soils.
一氧化二氮（N2O）和一氧化氮（NO）的排放通常在基于温室的高氮输入蔬菜土壤中很高。生物炭的添加已被广泛推荐用于减轻农业土壤中NO 的排放。然而，对于氨氧化过程中新鲜和老化生物炭对NO 和NO 生成的调控机制知之甚少。在有氧孵育实验中，使用 2-苯基-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑啉-1-氧-3-氧化物（PTIO）、1-辛炔和乙炔，使用两种 pH 值不同的蔬菜土壤。研究了新鲜和老化生物炭添加对氨氧化古菌（AOA）和细菌（AOB）对NO 和NO 生成的相对重要性。结果表明，AOA 在酸性土壤中主导 NO 的生成，而 AOB 在碱性土壤中主导 NO 的生成。老化生物炭分别刺激酸性土壤中 AOA 和 AOB 衍生的 NO 和 NO 生成增加 84.8%和 340%，但仅增加碱性土壤中 AOA 衍生的 NO 和 NO 生成。新鲜生物炭的添加增加了酸性土壤中 AOA 和 AOB 衍生的 NO 和碱性土壤中 AOA 衍生的 NO，但对两种土壤中 AOA 和 AOB 衍生的 NO 影响不大。新鲜生物炭降低了酸性土壤中 AOA-amoA，但增加了碱性土壤中 AOB-amoA 基因丰度，而老化生物炭增加了两种土壤中 AOA 和 AOB-amoA 基因丰度。这些发现提高了我们对不同生物炭添加下碱性和酸性蔬菜土壤中 NO 和 NO 生成机制的理解。
