2014-2016 年长江三角洲地区的空气污染特征及其与排放和气象的关系。
Air pollution characteristics and their relationship with emissions and meteorology in the Yangtze River Delta region during 2014-2016.
机构信息
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
出版信息
J Environ Sci (China). 2019 Sep;83:8-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.02.031. Epub 2019 Mar 12.
With rapid economic growth and urbanization, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in China has experienced serious air pollution challenges. In this study, we analyzed the air pollution characteristics and their relationship with emissions and meteorology in the YRD region during 2014-2016. In recent years, the concentrations of all air pollutants, except O, decreased. Spatially, the PM, PM, SO, and CO concentrations were higher in the northern YRD region, and NO and O were higher in the central YRD region. Based on the number of non-attainment days (i.e., days with air quality index greater than 100), PM was the largest contributor to air pollution in the YRD region, followed by O, PM, and NO. However, particulate matter pollution has declined gradually, while O pollution worsened. Meteorological conditions mainly influenced day-to-day variations in pollutant concentrations. PM concentration was inversely related to wind speed, while O concentration was positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with relative humidity. The air quality improvement in recent years was mainly attributed to emission reductions. During 2014-2016, PM, PM, SO, NO, CO, NH, and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions in the YRD region were reduced by 26.3%, 29.2%, 32.4%, 8.1%, 15.9%, 4.5%, and 0.3%, respectively. Regional transport also contributed to the air pollution. During regional haze periods, pollutants from North China and East China aggravated the pollution in the YRD region. Our findings suggest that emission reduction and regional joint prevention and control helped to improve the air quality in the YRD region.
随着经济的快速增长和城市化进程的推进，中国长三角（YRD）地区面临着严重的空气污染挑战。在本研究中，我们分析了 2014-2016 年期间该地区的空气污染特征及其与排放和气象条件的关系。近年来，除 O 以外，所有空气污染物的浓度均呈下降趋势。从空间上看，北部 YRD 地区的 PM、PM、SO 和 CO 浓度较高，而中部 YRD 地区的 NO 和 O 浓度较高。根据超标天数（即空气质量指数大于 100 的天数）的数量，PM 是长三角地区空气污染的最大贡献者，其次是 O、PM 和 NO。然而，颗粒物污染逐渐减少，而 O 污染却在加剧。气象条件主要影响污染物浓度的日变化。PM 浓度与风速呈反比，而 O 浓度与温度呈正相关，与相对湿度呈负相关。近年来空气质量的改善主要归因于排放量的减少。在 2014-2016 年期间，长三角地区的 PM、PM、SO、NO、CO、NH 和挥发性有机化合物（VOC）排放量分别减少了 26.3%、29.2%、32.4%、8.1%、15.9%、4.5%和 0.3%。区域传输也对空气污染有贡献。在区域性雾霾期间，来自华北和华东的污染物加重了长三角地区的污染。研究结果表明，减排和区域联合防治有助于改善长三角地区的空气质量。
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