Doctoral student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
Doctoral student, Department of Bridge Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China.
J Prosthet Dent. 2019 Aug;122(2):142.e1-142.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.12.015. Epub 2019 Jun 18.
Heat reduction during implant site preparation is critical. However, studies that assess fluid distribution at the implant site by using saline irrigation as the cooling method during osteotomies are lacking.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various parameters on fluid distribution at the implant site by using a computational fluid dynamics numerical model and thus predict the cooling effect at the drill site.
The computational fluid dynamics code Flow-3D was adopted to simulate implant site preparation. A 10-mm-deep implant site was prepared by using a 2.2-mm pilot drill, with 4 °C saline sprayed onto the drill from an external injection hole. Different drilling procedures were performed with irrigation volumes of 20, 40, 60, and 80 mL/min at various drill speeds (600, 800, 1000, 1200 rpm) and feed rates (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mm/s), and the fluid distribution under various circumstances was respectively investigated and compared. Data were analyzed by using 1-way ANOVA or the Friedman test according to the normality of the data distribution (P>.05).
Below the irrigation volume of 60 mL/min, the saline inside the implant site increased with the irrigation volume (P<.001), but further increase in irrigation volume to 80 mL/min had no significant influence on the fluid distribution (P>.05). The obtained fluid had an inverse relationship with the drill speed under the irrigation volumes 20 and 40 mL/min (P<.001), and deeper areas received less cooling under 20 mL/min (P<.001). However, no significant differences were observed under 60 and 80 mL/min (P>.05). In addition, the variation of feed rate had no significant effect on the mean fluid fraction for all the tested groups (P>.05).
The fluid distribution at the implant site could be affected by the irrigation volume and drill speed but was not correlated with the feed rate.
在种植体预备过程中，减少热量至关重要。然而，缺乏研究使用盐水冲洗作为骨切开术中的冷却方法来评估种植体部位的液体分布。
本研究旨在通过计算流体动力学数值模型评估各种参数对种植体部位液体分布的影响，从而预测钻头部位的冷却效果。
采用计算流体动力学代码 Flow-3D 模拟种植体预备。使用 2.2mm 的导钻预备 10mm 深的种植体部位，将 4°C 的生理盐水从外部注射孔喷到钻头上。在不同的钻速（600、800、1000、1200rpm）和进给速度（0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0mm/s）下，以 20、40、60 和 80mL/min 的不同冲洗量进行不同的钻孔程序，并分别研究和比较了各种情况下的液体分布。根据数据分布的正态性（P>.05），使用单因素方差分析或 Friedman 检验对数据进行分析。
在冲洗量低于 60mL/min 时，种植体内的生理盐水随冲洗量增加而增加（P<.001），但冲洗量增加至 80mL/min 时，对流体分布无显著影响（P>.05）。在 20 和 40mL/min 的冲洗量下，获得的流体与钻速呈反比关系（P<.001），在 20mL/min 时，较深区域的冷却效果较差（P<.001）。然而，在 60 和 80mL/min 时，没有观察到显著差异（P>.05）。此外，对于所有测试组，进给速度的变化对平均流体分数没有显著影响（P>.05）。
种植体部位的流体分布可能受到冲洗量和钻速的影响，但与进给速度无关。
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