Arkhipova N S, Popova E K, Popov I O
Yakutsk science center of complex medical problems, 4 Sergelyahsky str., Yakutsk 677010, Russian Federation; e-mail:
Мedical Institute of M.K.Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 42 Kulakovskogo str., Yakutsk 677000, Russian Federation; e-mail:
Adv Gerontol. 2019;32(1-2):152-158.
The article presents an analysis of the prevalence, intensity and correlation of smoking with other risk factors of ischemic heart disease among patients with chronic ischemic heart disease aged 60 years and older living in the Far North on the basis of ethnicity, age and sex. Smoking dependence on age was traced in patients of non-indigenous ethnicity. There was a lower prevalence of smoking among women, as opposed to men and among long-livers in comparison with the elderly and senile age. High intensity and length of smoking were revealed in both ethnic groups of men patients. The average smoking experience of smokers at the time of the survey was more than 50 years, and of former smokers - more than 30 years. The quantity of more than 25 packs per year was established as a high smoking index for both ethnic groups. The high smoking index is 1,5 times more common in patients of non-indigenous ethnicity compared to Yakut group. The highest smoking index was recorded in the group of patients under 75 years. The higher the smoking index is in smoking non-indigenous group, the lower is the cholesterol level of HDL regardless of the place of birth and the length of residence in the Far North. The analysis has revealed the correlation of smoking with other risk factors: blood lipids, arterial pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity (AO) and the dependence of the suffered myocardial infarction from the smoking experience and the value of smoking index. Smoking cessation leads to a decrease in blood pressure, BMI, and promotes HDL cholesterol.
本文基于种族、年龄和性别，对居住在远北地区的60岁及以上慢性缺血性心脏病患者中吸烟的患病率、强度以及与缺血性心脏病其他危险因素的相关性进行了分析。在非本土种族的患者中发现了吸烟与年龄的相关性。女性吸烟率低于男性，长寿者的吸烟率低于老年人和高龄老人。在男性患者的两个种族群体中均发现吸烟强度高且吸烟时间长。调查时吸烟者的平均吸烟年限超过50年，既往吸烟者超过30年。两个种族群体每年吸烟超过25包被确定为高吸烟指数。与雅库特族相比，非本土种族患者中高吸烟指数的情况多出1.5倍。75岁以下患者组的吸烟指数最高。在吸烟的非本土群体中，吸烟指数越高，无论出生地和在远北地区的居住时长如何，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平越低。分析揭示了吸烟与其他危险因素的相关性：血脂、动脉血压（BP）、体重指数（BMI）、腹型肥胖（AO）以及心肌梗死与吸烟年限和吸烟指数值的相关性。戒烟可导致血压和BMI降低，并有助于提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。
