Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 2019 Aug;35(3):369-379. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.03.007. Epub 2019 May 27.
Heyde described aortic stenosis and gastrointestinal bleeding in the 1950s. Since then, a link with intestinal angiodysplasia and abnormalities of von Willebrand factor (VWF) has been noted. Loss of the highest-molecular-weight multimers of VWF and bleeding also have been described in subaortic stenosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in isolated mitral and aortic insufficiency, in endocarditis, in patients with prosthetic valve stenosis or regurgitation, and in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). Bleeding tends to recur with local treatment of angiodysplasias, whereas cardiac repair or removal of LVAD eliminates VWF dysfunction is curative of bleeding in the majority.
海迪（Heyde）在 20 世纪 50 年代描述了主动脉瓣狭窄和胃肠道出血。此后，人们注意到它与肠血管扩张症和血管性血友病因子（VWF）异常有关。在肥厚型心肌病的主动脉瓣下狭窄、孤立性二尖瓣和主动脉瓣关闭不全、心内膜炎、人工瓣膜狭窄或反流以及左心室辅助装置（LVAD）中也有 VWF 最高分子量多聚体的丢失和出血的描述。出血往往在局部治疗血管扩张症后复发，而心脏修复或去除 LVAD 可消除 VWF 功能障碍，从而治愈大多数出血。
