Vignali D A, Bickle Q D, Taylor M G, Tennent G, Pepys M B
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, St Albans, Hertfordshire, U.K.
Immunology. 1988 Jan;63(1):55-61.
In vivo depletion of C3 with cobra venom factor (CoF) was used to demonstrate the participation of complement in the innate immunity to S. mansoni and in the acquired immunity of both actively and passively immunized rats. Complement was shown to play an important role in innate immunity, being more involved later in larval migration (Days 8-13 post-infection) than at earlier times (Days--1-3 and Days 3-8 post-infection). Furthermore, the specific component of immunity conferred by immune serum transferred at the lung-migration stage also required complement for optimal expression. This supports the notion that both innate and acquired immunity act not against the much studied early post-penetration stages, but primarily against the lung stages. Although decomplementation at earlier stages of parasite migration (up to 3 days post-infection) did cause some reduction of innate immunity, there was no evidence of any effect on the levels of resistance actively induced by exposure to irradiated cercariae. This suggests that, while complement may play a role in innate immunity during the skin-migration phase, specific complement-mediated attrition does not play a crucial role at this time. The situation was very different in the mouse model, since no involvement of complement in either innate or irradiated vaccine-induced immunity could be demonstrated within the first 15 days of infection. Thus, there appear to be phases in the parasite migration in rats, but not in mice, during which complement becomes a critical factor in both innate and acquired immunity to S. mansoni.
用眼镜蛇毒因子（CoF）在体内消耗C3，以证明补体参与对曼氏血吸虫的固有免疫以及主动和被动免疫大鼠的获得性免疫。结果表明补体在固有免疫中起重要作用，在幼虫移行后期（感染后8 - 13天）比早期（感染后1 - 3天和3 - 8天）更活跃。此外，在肺移行阶段转移的免疫血清所赋予的特异性免疫成分，其最佳表达也需要补体。这支持了这样一种观点，即固有免疫和获得性免疫并非针对研究较多的穿透后早期阶段，而是主要针对肺部阶段。虽然在寄生虫移行的早期阶段（感染后3天内）去补体确实会导致固有免疫有所降低，但没有证据表明对暴露于辐照尾蚴后主动诱导的抵抗力水平有任何影响。这表明，虽然补体可能在皮肤移行阶段的固有免疫中起作用，但此时特异性补体介导的消耗并不起关键作用。在小鼠模型中情况则大不相同，因为在感染的前15天内，未发现补体参与固有免疫或辐照疫苗诱导的免疫。因此，在大鼠的寄生虫移行过程中似乎存在某些阶段，而在小鼠中则不存在，在此期间补体成为对曼氏血吸虫固有免疫和获得性免疫的关键因素。
