Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Sep;131:110640. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110640. Epub 2019 Jun 21.
Twenty-seven samples of infant formulae and follow-on formulae and fifteen samples of baby food from Iranian markets were analyzed for concentrations of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH4) determined by use of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry. An assessment of risks posed to infants and toddlers was conducted by calculating the margin of exposure and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) by use of the Monte Carlo Simulation Method. Benzo (a) anthracene, was not detected in any of the samples, while approximately 64.3% samples contained detectable amounts of benzo (a) pyrene, while chrysene was observed in three samples and benzo (b) fluoranthene was detected in one sample. One of the samples contained 1.43 μg PAH4/kg, which was greater than the maximum tolerable limit (MTL; 1 μg/kg) stated in Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1125. Accordingly, the 95% ILCRs in the infants/toddlers due to ingestion of milk powder and baby foods were determined to be 1.3 × 10 and 7.3 × 10, respectively. Also, the 95th centiles of the MOEs, due to ingesting milk powder or baby foods by infants/toddlers were estimated to be 3.6 × 10 and 7.2 × 10, respectively. In Iran, infants and toddlers are not at serious health risk (MOE ≥ 1 × 10 and ILCR < 1 × 10).
27 份婴儿配方奶粉和后续配方奶粉以及 15 份婴儿食品的样本，均来自伊朗市场，通过气相色谱-质谱联用的方法对其中 4 种多环芳烃（PAH4）的浓度进行了分析。利用蒙特卡罗模拟方法，通过计算暴露边际和增量终生致癌风险（ILCR），对婴儿和幼儿所面临的风险进行了评估。在所有样本中，均未检测到苯并[a]蒽，而大约 64.3%的样本中可检测到苯并[a]芘，有 3 个样本中检测到了䓛，有 1 个样本中检测到了苯并[b]荧蒽。其中一个样本中的 PAH4 含量为 1.43μg/kg，超过了委员会法规（EU）2015/1125 规定的最大耐受限量（MTL；1μg/kg）。因此，由于摄入奶粉和婴儿食品，婴儿和幼儿的 95%ILCR 分别确定为 1.3×10 和 7.3×10。此外，由于摄入奶粉或婴儿食品，婴儿和幼儿的 MOE 的第 95 个百分位数分别估计为 3.6×10 和 7.2×10。在伊朗，婴儿和幼儿的健康风险并不严重（MOE≥1×10 和 ILCR<1×10）。
