Center for Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,
Chemotherapy. 2019;64(1):1-7. doi: 10.1159/000501062. Epub 2019 Jun 24.
Infections with herpes simplex virus type (HSV)-1 and HSV-2 are distributed worldwide. Although standard therapies with acyclovir and other synthetic drugs are available, the safety and efficacy of these drugs are limited due to the development of drug resistance and adverse side effects. The literature on essential oils and isolated compounds was reviewed regarding their antiviral activities against HSV-1 and HSV-2. The present overview aims to review experimental data and clinical trials focusing on the antiviral activity of selected essential oils and isolated oil components. HSV was found to be susceptible to many essential oils and their constituents. Whereas some essential oils and compounds exhibit direct virucidal activity or inhibit intracellular replication, many essential oils and compounds interact with HSV particles thereby inhibiting cell adsorption. Ayclovir-resistant HSV strains are also susceptible to essential oils since their mode of action is different from the synthetic drug. There are numerous publications on the antiherpetic activity of essential oils and their isolated active compounds. This field of research is still growing, and more clinical trials are required to explore the full potential of different essential oils for the topical treatment of herpetic infections.
单纯疱疹病毒 1 型和 2 型（HSV-1 和 HSV-2）的感染分布于世界各地。虽然阿昔洛韦和其他合成药物等标准疗法已经存在，但由于耐药性和不良反应的发展，这些药物的安全性和疗效受到限制。本文对有关对抗 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 的抗病毒活性的精油和分离化合物的文献进行了综述。本综述旨在回顾针对选定精油和分离油成分的抗病毒活性的实验数据和临床试验。研究发现，许多单纯疱疹病毒对许多精油及其成分敏感。虽然一些精油和化合物具有直接的杀病毒活性或抑制细胞内复制，但许多精油和化合物与单纯疱疹病毒颗粒相互作用，从而抑制细胞吸附。由于其作用机制与合成药物不同，耐阿昔洛韦的单纯疱疹病毒株也对精油敏感。关于精油及其分离活性化合物的抗疱疹活性有大量出版物。该研究领域仍在不断发展，需要更多的临床试验来探索不同精油在局部治疗疱疹感染方面的全部潜力。
