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学生对牙科模拟教学的评价:美国一所牙科学院的多队列研究。

Students' Evaluations of Simulations in Dentistry: A Multiple Cohort Study at a U.S. Dental School.

机构信息

Carly T. McKenzie, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, Behavioral and Population Sciences Division, School of Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham; Ken Tilashalski, DMD, is Professor, Department of Restorative Sciences and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, School of Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham; Ramzi Abou-Arraj, DDS, MS, is Associate Professor, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dawn Taylor Peterson, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine and Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, as well as Director of Faculty Development and Training, Office of Interprofessional Simulation for Innovative Clinical Practice, The University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Marjorie Lee White, MD, MA, MPPM, is Professor, Departments of Pediatric Emergency Medicine and Medical Education, School of Medicine and School of Health Professions, Assistant Dean for Clinical Simulation, and Director of Office of Interprofessional Simulation for Innovative Clinical Practice, The University of Alabama at Birmingham.

出版信息

J Dent Educ. 2019 Oct;83(10):1142-1150. doi: 10.21815/JDE.019.121. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

Abstract

Simulation may help translate didactic learning to patient care in areas such as communication skills and medical emergency management. The aims of this study were to investigate how multiple cohorts of dental students evaluated simulations utilizing standardized patients and manikins and to explore evaluations of a simulation that combined social determinants of health with oral health education. All approximately 600 second- and fourth-year dental students at one U.S. dental school participated in simulation activities for five years (2014-18). The activities involved clinical communication skills with an urgent care patient, medical emergency management, and communication skills with a parent with low income. After the simulations, students were invited to complete an evaluation of the experience. Questionnaire items addressed perceived applicability to patient care, value of the experience, and fulfillment of objectives; and open-ended questions asked for comments specific to the parent with low income simulation. A total of 497 responses from D2 and D4 students were collected over the five-year period, as well as from all 12 periodontics residents in 2017, for an overall 91.7% response rate. The vast majority (>90.6%) positively evaluated all items for each simulation. The positive ratings ranged from a mean of 99.3% for the urgent care simulation to 93.8% for the parent with low income simulation. Positive student comments often related to learning from/with others and effective practice of teach back and patient education tactics. Students' most frequent suggestions for improvement called for better preparation. In this study, simulations with both standardized patients and manikins led to positive evaluations as well as anticipated improvement of clinical performance. These results suggest that incorporating simulation into an already-crowded curriculum is worth it from the student perspective, especially for reinforcement of clinical skills not easily amenable to classroom instruction.

摘要

模拟可能有助于将教学学习转化为沟通技巧和医疗急救管理等领域的患者护理。本研究的目的是调查多批牙科学生如何评估利用标准化患者和人体模型的模拟,并探讨将健康的社会决定因素与口腔健康教育相结合的模拟评估。美国一所牙科学校的所有大约 600 名二、四年级牙科学生在五年(2014-18 年)中参加了模拟活动。这些活动涉及与急诊患者的临床沟通技巧、医疗急救管理以及与低收入家长的沟通技巧。模拟结束后,学生被邀请对体验进行评估。问卷项目涉及对患者护理的感知适用性、体验的价值以及目标的实现;开放式问题要求对低收入家长模拟的具体意见。在五年期间,共从 D2 和 D4 学生中收集了 497 份回复,以及 2017 年所有 12 名牙周病住院医师的回复,总体回复率为 91.7%。绝大多数(>90.6%)对每种模拟的所有项目都给予了积极评价。积极评价的范围从紧急护理模拟的平均 99.3%到低收入家长模拟的 93.8%。学生的积极评价通常与从/与他人学习和有效实践回授和患者教育策略有关。学生最常提出的改进建议是更好的准备。在这项研究中,同时使用标准化患者和人体模型的模拟产生了积极的评价,以及预期对临床表现的改善。这些结果表明,从学生的角度来看,将模拟纳入已经拥挤的课程是值得的,特别是对于强化不易通过课堂教学实现的临床技能。

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