Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Curr Diab Rep. 2019 Jun 24;19(8):45. doi: 10.1007/s11892-019-1167-9.
To clarify the hurdles to generation of human islets via blastocyst complementation and to identify techniques to overcome them.
Blastocyst complementation is a promising method for generating functional islets from pluripotent stem cells which are identical to in vivo islets. Studies have reported successful generation of mouse pancreas in rats and rat pancreas in mice via interspecies blastocyst complementation and have shown the possibility for generation of human organs in xenogeneic animals. However, there remain hurdles to generating human islets in animals. The major hurdles to generating human islets include difficulty in engineering human-animal chimeras due to the cellular status of human pluripotent stem cells, immunological rejection of donor tissue in xenogeneic animals, and ethical concerns.
阐明通过囊胚互补生成人类胰岛所面临的障碍，并确定克服这些障碍的技术。
囊胚互补是一种很有前途的方法，可以从多能干细胞中生成与体内胰岛相同的功能性胰岛。研究报告称，通过种间囊胚互补成功地在大鼠中生成了小鼠胰腺，并在小鼠中生成了大鼠胰腺，这表明在异种动物中生成人类器官是可能的。然而，在动物中生成人类胰岛仍然存在障碍。生成人类胰岛的主要障碍包括由于人类多能干细胞的细胞状态，工程化人-动物嵌合体较为困难，异种动物中供体组织的免疫排斥，以及伦理问题。
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