Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
Department of biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, USA.
IUBMB Life. 2019 Aug;71(8):1099-1108. doi: 10.1002/iub.2097. Epub 2019 Jun 26.
Transfer RNAs are among the most ancient molecules of life on earth. Beyond their crucial role in protein synthesis as carriers of amino acids, they are also important players in a plethora of other biological processes. Many debates in term of biogenesis, regulation and function persist around these fascinating non-coding RNAs. Our review focuses on the first step of their biogenesis in eukaryotes, i.e. their transcription from nuclear genes. Numerous and complementary ways have emerged during evolution to regulate transfer RNA gene transcription. Here, we will summarize the different actors implicated in this process: cis-elements, trans-factors, genomic contexts, epigenetic environments and finally three-dimensional organization of nuclear genomes. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019 © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(8):1099-1108, 2019.
转移 RNA 是地球上最古老的生命分子之一。除了在蛋白质合成中作为氨基酸载体的关键作用外，它们在许多其他生物过程中也起着重要作用。这些迷人的非编码 RNA 在生物发生、调控和功能方面存在许多争议。我们的综述重点关注它们在真核生物中的生物发生的第一步，即从核基因转录。在进化过程中，出现了许多和互补的方式来调节转移 RNA 基因的转录。在这里，我们将总结参与这个过程的不同因素：顺式元件、反式因子、基因组背景、表观遗传环境以及核基因组的三维组织。© 2019 IUBMB Life，2019 © 2019 IUBMB Life，71(8)：1099-1108，2019。
