A型流感病毒的多样性和分布：基于蛋白质序列的更新全景分析。
Diversity and distribution of type A influenza viruses: an updated panorama analysis based on protein sequences.
机构信息
The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, China.
National Avian Influenza Professional Laboratory, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, 369 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266032, China.
出版信息
Virol J. 2019 Jun 26;16(1):85. doi: 10.1186/s12985-019-1188-7.
BACKGROUND
Type A influenza viruses (IAVs) cause significant infections in humans and multiple species of animals including pigs, horses, birds, dogs and some marine animals. They are of complicated phylogenetic diversity and distribution, and analysis of their phylogenetic diversity and distribution from a panorama view has not been updated for multiple years.
METHODS
139,872 protein sequences of IAVs from GenBank were selected, and they were aligned and phylogenetically analyzed using the software tool MEGA 7.0. Lineages and subordinate lineages were classified according to the topology of the phylogenetic trees and the host, temporal and spatial distribution of the viruses, and designated using a novel universal nomenclature system.
RESULTS
Large phylogenetic trees of the two external viral genes (HA and NA) and six internal genes (PB2, PB1, PA, NP, MP and NS) were constructed, and the diversity and the host, temporal and spatial distribution of these genes were calculated and statistically analyzed. Various features regarding the diversity and distribution of IAVs were confirmed, revised or added through this study, as compared with previous reports. Lineages and subordinate lineages were classified and designated for each of the genes based on the updated panorama views.
CONCLUSIONS
The panorama views of phylogenetic diversity and distribution of IAVs and their nomenclature system were updated and assumed to be of significance for studies and communication of IAVs.
背景
A型流感病毒（IAV）可导致人类和多种动物（包括猪、马、鸟类、狗和一些海洋动物）发生严重感染。它们具有复杂的系统发育多样性和分布，对其系统发育多样性和分布的全景分析多年来未曾更新。
方法
从 GenBank 中选择了 139872 个 IAV 蛋白序列，使用 MEGA 7.0 软件对齐并进行系统发育分析。根据系统发育树的拓扑结构以及病毒的宿主、时间和空间分布，对谱系和下属谱系进行分类，并使用新的通用命名系统进行指定。
结果
构建了两个外部病毒基因（HA 和 NA）和六个内部基因（PB2、PB1、PA、NP、MP 和 NS）的大型系统发育树，并对这些基因的多样性以及宿主、时间和空间分布进行了计算和统计分析。与之前的报告相比，通过本研究确认、修订或添加了有关 IAV 多样性和分布的各种特征。根据更新的全景视图，对每个基因的谱系和下属谱系进行了分类和指定。
结论
更新了 IAV 的系统发育多样性和分布全景视图及其命名系统，假设这对 IAV 的研究和交流具有重要意义。
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