Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Epidemiología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
National Veterinary Diagnostics Laboratory, Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA), Bogotá 110931, Colombia.
Viruses. 2023 Sep 30;15(10):2030. doi: 10.3390/v15102030.
Swine influenza is a respiratory disease that affects the pork industry and is a public health threat. It is caused by type A influenza virus (FLUAV), which continuously undergoes genetic and antigenic variations. A large amount of information regarding FLUAV in pigs is available worldwide, but it is limited in Latin America. The HA sequences of H1 subtype FLUAV-positive samples obtained from pigs in Colombia between 2008-2021 were analyzed using sequence-based antigenic cartography and N-Glycosylation analyses. Of the 12 predicted global antigenic groups, Colombia contained five: four corresponding to pandemic strains and one to the classical swine H1N1 clade. Circulation of these clusters was observed in some regions during specific years. Ca2 was the immunodominant epitope among Colombian viruses. The counts of N-Glycosylation motifs were associated with the antigenic cluster ranging from three to five. The results show for the first time the existence of antigenic diversity of FLUAV in Colombia and highlight the impact of spatial and temporal factors on this diversity. This study provides information about FLUAV variability in pigs under natural conditions in the absence of vaccination and emphasizes the need for surveillance of its phylogenetic and antigenic characteristics.
猪流感是一种影响养猪业的呼吸道疾病，也是一种公共卫生威胁。它是由 A 型流感病毒（FLUAV）引起的，该病毒不断发生遗传和抗原变异。全球有大量关于猪流感病毒的信息，但在拉丁美洲却很有限。本研究对 2008 年至 2021 年期间从哥伦比亚猪中获得的 H1 亚型 FLUAV 阳性样本的 HA 序列进行了分析，采用了基于序列的抗原图谱和 N-糖基化分析。在 12 个预测的全球抗原群中，哥伦比亚包含 5 个：其中 4 个对应于大流行株，1 个对应于经典猪 H1N1 分支。在特定年份的一些地区观察到这些集群的循环。Ca2 是哥伦比亚病毒中免疫显性表位。N-糖基化基序的数量与抗原群相关，范围从三个到五个。研究结果首次表明了在哥伦比亚存在流感病毒的抗原多样性，并强调了时空因素对这种多样性的影响。本研究提供了在没有疫苗接种的情况下猪在自然条件下感染流感病毒的变异性信息，并强调了监测其系统发育和抗原特征的必要性。
