Schuller Hildegard M
Department of Biomedical & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
J Immunol Sci. 2019;3(2):1-5. doi: 10.29245/2578-3009/2019/2.1166. Epub 2019 Mar 19.
This mini-review summarizes current knowledge on similarities and synergism between smoking and psychological stress-induced modulations of growth stimulating and inhibiting regulatory networks in epithelial cells and epithelial cancers with emphasis on cancer stimulating neurotransmitters and their receptors as well as cancer inhibiting γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and opioids. Hyperactive cAMP signaling downstream of beta-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) has been identified as the driving force of most smoking-associated cancers by numerous preclinical studies and psychological stress intensifies these effects while experimental stress reduction inhibits. The integration of cAMP reduction via stress reduction by pharmacological and psychological means such as psychotherapy, relaxation meditation and yoga into any cancer treatment strategy is recommended.
本综述总结了目前关于吸烟与心理应激在调节上皮细胞和上皮癌生长刺激及抑制调控网络方面的相似性和协同作用的知识，重点关注刺激癌症的神经递质及其受体，以及抑制癌症的γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和阿片类物质。众多临床前研究已确定β-肾上腺素能受体（β-ARs）下游的cAMP信号过度活跃是大多数吸烟相关癌症的驱动力，心理应激会加剧这些影响，而实验性应激减轻则会抑制这些影响。建议将通过药物和心理手段（如心理治疗、放松冥想和瑜伽）减轻应激来降低cAMP的方法纳入任何癌症治疗策略中。
