a Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences , Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis , MO , USA.
Memory. 2019 Sep;27(8):1158-1166. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2019.1635161. Epub 2019 Jun 27.
Memory may play a critical role in the ability to imagine events in the future. While most work on this relation has concerned episodic memory and simulated episodic events in the future, the current study examines how collective memories relate to imagination for the collective future. Two thousand American participants provided events for (1) America's origins, (2) normative events that all Americans should remember, and (3) events in America's future. Each event was rated for emotional valence. Whereas collective memories - particularly origin events - showed pronounced positivity biases, there was a negativity bias in collective future thought, indicating an implicit trajectory of decline in Americans' representations of their nation across time. Imagination for the social future may not be simulated based on the template of collective memories, but may rather relate to the past in a way that is mediated by cultural narrative schemata.
记忆在想象未来事件的能力中可能起着关键作用。虽然关于这种关系的大多数研究都集中在情景记忆和对未来的模拟情景事件上，但本研究考察了集体记忆与对集体未来的想象之间的关系。两千名美国参与者提供了有关（1）美国起源、（2）所有美国人都应该记住的规范事件和（3）美国未来事件的信息。每个事件都根据情感效价进行了评分。虽然集体记忆——特别是起源事件——表现出明显的正性偏见，但在集体未来思维中存在负性偏见，这表明美国人对自己国家的代表在时间上的下降趋势是隐含的。对社会未来的想象可能不是基于集体记忆的模板来模拟的，而是可能以一种通过文化叙事图式来影响过去的方式与过去相关。
