Centre for Nutrition Research, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, Pamplona.
CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pabellón 11. Planta, Madrid.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2019 Sep;22(5):323-328. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000581.
The aim of this report is to critically review existing questionnaires and tools to assess nutritional status in different populations and pathological conditions.
A total of 16 instruments to evaluate nutritional status were recorded, which were based on anthropometrical determinations, biochemical markers, clinical examinations and subjective questionnaires, depending on the nutritional assessment focus, involving different concepts: screening of the risk, diagnosis and severity of malnutrition, as well as the consequences of undernutrition or overnutrition.
A variety of questionnaires, equations and tools were found with ability to assess nutritional status for metabolic care or clinical nutrition purposes, but apparently there is no optimal, universal and reliable nutritional status screening system for all metabolic conditions. Novel assessment instruments should provide high sensibility and specificity, be precise and reliable as well as inexpensive and simple, in order to avoid the additional burden of excessive loads of costs, work and time while dynamically overcoming the influence of disease diversity.
本报告旨在批判性地回顾现有的问卷和工具，以评估不同人群和病理情况下的营养状况。
共记录了 16 种评估营养状况的工具，这些工具基于人体测量学测定、生化标志物、临床检查和主观问卷，具体取决于营养评估的重点，涉及不同的概念：营养风险筛查、营养不良的诊断和严重程度，以及营养不足或营养过剩的后果。
发现了多种问卷、方程和工具，这些工具具有评估代谢护理或临床营养目的的营养状况的能力，但显然没有一种适用于所有代谢情况的最佳、通用和可靠的营养状况筛查系统。新的评估工具应该具有高灵敏度和特异性，精确可靠，并且价格低廉、操作简单，以便在动态克服疾病多样性影响的同时，避免因额外的成本、工作和时间负担而造成的损失。
