Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Portugal.
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Portugal; Early Start Research Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2019 Aug;29(8):783-792. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.05.052. Epub 2019 May 18.
The long-term relations between excessive adiposity in early childhood and unfavourable cardiometabolic profiles in later ages are not yet completely understood. We aimed to assess the associations between birth weight (BW) and BMI from 6 months to 6 years of age, with biomarkers indicative of low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and lipid profiles in adolescence.
Retrospective school-based study with 415 Portuguese adolescents (220 girls), mean age of 14.08 ± 1.6 years old. Anthropometric data from birth to 6 years old was extracted from individual child health book records. Actual weight and height were measured and BMI calculated. Participants were classified at each time point as normal weight or overweight according to WHO reference values. Biomarkers were obtained from venous blood samples. Linear regressions were used to explore the associations between the biomarkers and early life anthropometric indicators. From 2 years onwards, BMI associated positively with the inflammatory score and HOMA-IR in adolescence. Children who were overweight/obese from 2 to 6 years of age presented significantly higher inflammatory score and HOMA-IR later in adolescence. TC/HDL ratio was also positively associated with BMI from the age of 5 years onwards. The associations between BMI and cardiometabolic outcomes remained positive in adolescence, with overweight adolescents presenting a higher inflammatory score, HOMA-IR and TC/HDL than normal weight adolescents.
A high BMI from an early age was consistently associated with worse inflammatory and lipid profiles and insulin resistance in adolescence. No associations were found between BW and the same studied outcomes.
儿童早期过度肥胖与以后年龄阶段不良的心血管代谢特征之间的长期关系尚不完全清楚。本研究旨在评估从 6 个月到 6 岁时的出生体重（BW）和 BMI 与青春期低度炎症、胰岛素抵抗和血脂特征相关生物标志物之间的关联。
这是一项回顾性基于学校的研究，纳入了 415 名葡萄牙青少年（220 名女性），平均年龄为 14.08 ± 1.6 岁。从个体儿童健康手册记录中提取从出生到 6 岁的体重和身高数据。实际体重和身高进行测量，并计算 BMI。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）参考值，在每个时间点将参与者分为正常体重或超重。从静脉血样中获得生物标志物。线性回归用于探讨生物标志物与早期生命人体测量指标之间的关系。从 2 岁开始，BMI 与青春期的炎症评分和 HOMA-IR 呈正相关。从 2 岁到 6 岁超重/肥胖的儿童在青春期后期炎症评分和 HOMA-IR 显著更高。TC/HDL 比值也与 5 岁以后的 BMI 呈正相关。超重青少年的炎症评分、HOMA-IR 和 TC/HDL 均高于正常体重青少年，因此 BMI 与青春期心血管代谢结局的关联仍然为正相关。
从早期开始，BMI 较高与青春期炎症和血脂特征以及胰岛素抵抗的恶化相关。未发现 BW 与上述研究结果之间存在关联。
