Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Oct;35(8):457-465. doi: 10.1089/jop.2018.0138. Epub 2019 Jun 28.
Ocular drug delivery offers unique challenges and opportunities in the era of novel therapeutic agents ranging from small molecules to gene therapies. Noninvasive delivery of drugs into the back of the eye or any part of the eye is extremely limited by short precorneal residence time and formidable biological barriers. The eye is a sensitive, sensory organ that requires a high level of material and procedural safety, while achieving therapeutic efficacy. Some recent advances and unmet needs for ocular drug delivery and disposition are discussed in this article. Specifically, nanomedicines, physical and chemical means to enhance delivery, stimuli-responsive delivery systems, the role of vitreal binding on ocular pharmacokinetics, and the influence of aging eye on drug delivery, and the associated unmet needs are highlighted. Additionally, the unmet needs in the medication management for the elderly patients with eye diseases are discussed.
眼部药物递送在新型治疗药物时代（包括小分子药物到基因治疗药物）带来了独特的挑战和机遇。由于短的角膜前停留时间和巨大的生物学屏障，药物非侵入性地递送到眼睛后部或眼睛的任何部位受到极大限制。眼睛是一个敏感的感觉器官，需要高水平的材料和程序安全性，同时实现治疗效果。本文讨论了眼部药物递送和处置的一些最新进展和未满足的需求。具体而言，纳米医学、增强递送的物理和化学手段、刺激响应型递送系统、玻璃体内结合对眼部药代动力学的作用以及衰老眼睛对药物递送的影响以及相关的未满足需求被强调。此外，还讨论了老年眼病患者药物管理中的未满足需求。
