Department of Critical Care, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
S Afr Med J. 2019 May 31;109(6):378-381. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i6.14002.
The systemic fluoroquinolones (FQs) have recently been reported to be associated with significant side-effects in susceptible individuals. This has prompted the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) to issue warnings regarding their use. The FQs should not be used for common bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections, travellers' diarrhoea and upper and lower respiratory tract infections, unless it is not possible to use another oral agent. There are situations, however, in which these agents are not only effective, but their benefit outweighs the risk. These include the management of conditions such as acute prostatitis, typhoid fever, prosthetic joint infections, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, certain hospital-acquired infections and situations where the organism is susceptible to FQs, which could then be administered orally. Alternatively, the patient would have to be admitted to hospital for parenteral therapy.
近年来，有报道称全身性氟喹诺酮类药物（FQs）在易感个体中会引起严重的副作用。这促使美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）和欧洲药品管理局（EMA）发布了关于其使用的警告。FQs 不应用于治疗常见的细菌感染，如尿路感染、旅行者腹泻以及上呼吸道和下呼吸道感染，除非无法使用其他口服药物。然而，在某些情况下，这些药物不仅有效，而且其益处大于风险。这些情况包括治疗急性前列腺炎、伤寒、人工关节感染、耐多药结核病、某些医院获得性感染以及病原体对 FQs 敏感的情况，此时可以口服 FQs。或者，患者将不得不住院接受静脉治疗。
