Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa,
Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa,
Dermatology. 2019;235(5):396-399. doi: 10.1159/000500663. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
The incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) is increasing in countries around the world. However, little is known about melanoma trends in African countries by population group. We studied CM mortality in South Africa from 1997 to 2014 to partly address this knowledge gap. Unit record mortality data for all South Africans who died from CM (n = 8,537) were obtained from Statistics South Africa. Join-point regression models were used to assess whether there was a statistically significant change in the direction and/or magnitude of the annual trends in CM mortality. A significant increasing trend of 11% per year was observed in age-adjusted mortality rates in men between 2000 and 2005 (p < 0.01), rising from 2 to 3 per 100,000. There was also a statistically significant increase of 180% per year among White South Africans from 1997 to 1999 (p < 0.05) and of 3% from 1999 to 2014 (p < 0.01). These results may be used to inform CM awareness campaigns and will motivate efforts to improve the collection and analysis of relevant statistics regarding the present burden of CM in South Africa.
全球范围内皮肤黑色素瘤（CM）的发病率正在上升。然而，对于非洲国家按人群分组的黑色素瘤趋势，人们知之甚少。我们研究了南非 1997 年至 2014 年期间的 CM 死亡率，部分解决了这一知识空白。从南非统计局获得了所有死于 CM（n=8537）的南非人的单位记录死亡率数据。使用 Join-point 回归模型评估 CM 死亡率的年度趋势在方向和/或幅度上是否存在统计学意义上的变化。在 2000 年至 2005 年期间，男性年龄调整后的死亡率以每年 11%的速度显著上升（p<0.01），从每 10 万人 2 例上升到 3 例。在 1997 年至 1999 年期间，南非白人的死亡率也以每年 180%的速度呈统计学意义上显著上升（p<0.05），而在 1999 年至 2014 年期间则上升了 3%（p<0.01）。这些结果可用于告知 CM 宣传活动，并将激励人们努力改善有关南非 CM 目前负担的相关统计数据的收集和分析。
