Objois Claire, Gebeile-Chauty Sarah
Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, faculty of odontology, department of orthodontics, rue Guillaume-Paradin, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France.
Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, faculty of odontology, department of orthodontics, rue Guillaume-Paradin, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France.
Int Orthod. 2019 Sep;17(3):544-553. doi: 10.1016/j.ortho.2019.06.015. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
Although a "catch-up" growth occurs in early childhood, respiratory system immaturity and the use of oral and naso-gastric probes for prematurely born children are responsible for palatal and cranio-facial alterations.
To assess whether prematurity is a risk factor in orthodontics in terms of malocclusions, dysmorphoses and orthodontic treatment need compared to term-born children. To compare the differences of risk factors among these preterm birth subtypes according the severity.
Distributed questionnaires within an orthodontic practice and in the Department of Odontology, Lyon Hospital, France. The evaluation criteria were calculated from the casts, photographs and radiographies carried out during the initial assessment. A statistical intergroup comparison was performed.
Of the 537 questionnaires obtained, 47 preterm patients and 150 term-born patients were included in our study. Preterm infants had significantly more bilateral crossed-occlusions than patients in the term group (P=0.003). In addition, very preterm and extremely preterm children had significantly more impacted tooth (P=0.049) and a higher Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN grade 5, P=0.003) compared with term children.
Very preterm and extremely preterm births (occurring more than 8 weeks before the term) represent a risk factor in orthodontics and, therefore, a public health problem.
尽管在幼儿期会出现“追赶性”生长，但呼吸系统不成熟以及对早产儿使用口腔和鼻胃管会导致腭部和颅面部改变。
与足月儿相比，评估早产在错牙合、畸形和正畸治疗需求方面是否为正畸学中的一个风险因素。根据严重程度比较这些早产亚型之间风险因素的差异。
在法国里昂医院正畸科和牙科学系发放问卷。评估标准根据初次评估时所做的模型、照片和X光片计算得出。进行了组间统计学比较。
在获得的537份问卷中，47名早产患者和150名足月儿患者纳入我们的研究。早产婴儿双侧交叉牙合明显多于足月儿组患者（P = 0.003）。此外，与足月儿相比，极早产儿和超早产儿埋伏牙明显更多（P = 0.049）且正畸治疗需求指数更高（IOTN 5级，P = 0.003）。
极早产和超早产（发生在足月前8周以上）是正畸学中的一个风险因素，因此是一个公共卫生问题。
