Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Disciplina de Pediatria Neonatal e Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Disciplina de Pediatria Neonatal e Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2021 Jan-Feb;97(1):96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2019.12.005. Epub 2020 Feb 19.
To evaluate the orofacial characteristics of very low-birth-weight preterm infants through anthropometric facial measures, orofacial anteroposterior analysis and the relationship between the gum pads.
Orofacial examinations was performed in 154 infants, classified into two groups: Group A comprised 54 very low-birth-weight infants who were examined after clinical stabilization and before hospital discharge, and Group B comprised 100 full-term infants.
The average anthropometricmeasurements in millimetres for Group A and Group B were as follows: upper third:30.2 and 31.1; middle third: 24.2 and 25.9; lower third: 27.6 and 29.9; facial width: 64.8and 81.4. Regarding the orofacial anteroposterior analysis, the results showed that in99% of these infants, the mandible was in a retrognathic position relative to the maxilla.Group A and Group B had the following distributions of the relationship between thegum pads: overbite-overjet: 43% and 77%; overjet: 39% and 17%; open bite: 15% and3%; end-to-end: 2% and 1%; overbite: both 2%.
The very low-birth-weight preterm infants showed the upper third with the highest values in the facialharmony analysis, followed by the lower third and the middle third; and exhibited themandible in a retrognathic position relative to the maxilla, and with overbite-overjet themost prevalent type of gum pad relationship. The study emphasizes the importance of orofacial examination during neonatal hospitalization and the investigation of birth weight and gestational age in a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach that includes orofacial neonatal evaluation and actions that promote oral health, besides foster follow-up studies.
通过人体测量面部测量、口面前后分析和牙龈垫之间的关系，评估极低出生体重早产儿的口面特征。
对 154 名婴儿进行口面检查，分为两组：A 组包括 54 名极低出生体重婴儿，在临床稳定后和出院前进行检查；B 组包括 100 名足月婴儿。
A 组和 B 组的平均毫米人体测量值如下：上三分之一：30.2 和 31.1；中三分之一：24.2 和 25.9；下三分之一：27.6 和 29.9；面部宽度：64.8 和 81.4。关于口面前后分析，结果表明，在 99%的婴儿中，下颌相对于上颌呈后缩位。A 组和 B 组牙龈垫关系的分布如下：覆盖 - 覆牙合：43%和 77%；覆牙合：39%和 17%；开牙合：15%和 3%；端到端：2%和 1%；覆盖：均为 2%。
极低出生体重早产儿的面部协调性分析中，上三分之一的值最高，其次是下三分之一和中三分之一；下颌相对于上颌呈后缩位，最常见的牙龈垫关系为覆盖 - 覆牙合。该研究强调了新生儿住院期间口面检查的重要性，以及在多学科治疗方法中调查出生体重和胎龄的重要性，该方法包括口面新生儿评估和促进口腔健康的措施，同时还促进了后续研究。
