Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - Supaéro, Toulouse, France; Institut National Universitaire Champollion, Albi, France.
École Nationale de l'Aviation Civile, Toulouse, France.
Appl Ergon. 2019 Oct;80:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.04.012. Epub 2019 May 10.
There has been a considerable amount of research to conceptualize how cognition handle multitasking situations. Despite these efforts, it is still not clear how task parameters shape attentionnal resources allocation. For instance, many research have suggested that difficulty levels could explain these conflicting observations and very few have considered other factors such as task importance. In the present study, twenty participants had to carry out two N-Back tasks simultaneously, each subtask having distinct difficulty (0,1 or 2-Back) and importance (1 or 3 points) levels. Participants's cumulative dwell time were collected to assess their attentional strategies. Results showed that depending on the global level of difficulty (combination of the two levels of difficulty), attentional resources of people were driven either by the subtask difficulty (under low-global-difficulty) or the subtask importance (under high-global-difficulty), in a non-compensatory way. We discussed these results in terms of decision-making heuristics and metacognition.
已经有相当多的研究来概念化认知如何处理多任务情况。尽管有这些努力，但是仍然不清楚任务参数如何塑造注意力资源的分配。例如，许多研究表明，难度水平可以解释这些相互矛盾的观察结果，而很少有研究考虑其他因素，如任务重要性。在本研究中，二十名参与者必须同时执行两个 N 回任务，每个子任务都有不同的难度（0、1 或 2 回）和重要性（1 或 3 分）水平。收集参与者的累积停留时间来评估他们的注意力策略。结果表明，根据全局难度水平（两个难度水平的组合），人们的注意力资源要么由子任务难度（在低全局难度下）驱动，要么由子任务重要性（在高全局难度下）驱动，以非补偿的方式。我们根据决策启发式和元认知来讨论这些结果。
