Zoccali Mariosimone, Giuffrida Daniele, Salafia Fabio, Socaciu Carmen, Skjånes Kari, Dugo Paola, Mondello Luigi
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.
Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Jul 6;8(7):209. doi: 10.3390/antiox8070209.
Both enzymatic or oxidative carotenoids cleavages can often occur in nature and produce a wide range of bioactive apocarotenoids. Considering that no detailed information is available in the literature regarding the occurrence of apocarotenoids in microalgae species, the aim of this study was to study the extraction and characterization of apocarotenoids in four different microalgae strains: sp. CCMP 2294, SAG 8-6, CCMP 526, and NIVA-CHL 176. This was done for the first time using an online method coupling supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 29 different apocarotenoids, including various apocarotenoid fatty acid esters, were detected: apo-12'-zeaxanthinal, β-apo-12'-carotenal, apo-12-luteinal, and apo-12'-violaxanthal. These were detected in all the investigated strains together with the two apocarotenoid esters, apo-10'-zeaxanthinal-C4:0 and apo-8'-zeaxanthinal-C8:0. The overall extraction and detection time for the apocarotenoids was less than 10 min, including apocarotenoids esters, with an overall analysis time of less than 20 min. Moreover, preliminary quantitative data showed that the β-apo-8'-carotenal content was around 0.8% and 2.4% of the parent carotenoid, in the and strains, respectively. This methodology could be applied as a selective and efficient method for the apocarotenoids detection.
酶促或氧化类胡萝卜素裂解在自然界中经常会发生，并产生多种具有生物活性的类胡萝卜素衍生物。鉴于文献中没有关于微藻物种中类胡萝卜素衍生物存在情况的详细信息，本研究的目的是研究四种不同微藻菌株（即 sp. CCMP 2294、SAG 8 - 6、CCMP 526 和 NIVA - CHL 176）中类胡萝卜素衍生物的提取和表征。这是首次使用超临界流体萃取与超临界流体色谱串联质谱联用的在线方法来完成此项研究。总共检测到 29 种不同的类胡萝卜素衍生物，包括各种类胡萝卜素脂肪酸酯：脱辅基 - 12'-玉米黄质醛、β - 脱辅基 - 12'-胡萝卜醛、脱辅基 - 12 - 叶黄素醛和脱辅基 - 12'-紫黄质醛。在所有研究菌株中都检测到了这些物质，同时还检测到了两种类胡萝卜素酯，即脱辅基 - 10'-玉米黄质醛 - C4:0 和脱辅基 - 8'-玉米黄质醛 - C8:0。类胡萝卜素衍生物（包括类胡萝卜素酯）的总体提取和检测时间不到 10 分钟，总分析时间不到 20 分钟。此外，初步定量数据表明，在 菌株和 菌株中，β - 脱辅基 - 8'-胡萝卜醛的含量分别约为母体类胡萝卜素的 0.8%和 2.4%。这种方法可作为一种选择性高效的类胡萝卜素衍生物检测方法。
