Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tottori University, 36-1 Nish-icho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.
Advanced Medicine, Innovation and Clinical Research Center, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2019 Nov;139(11):1599-1605. doi: 10.1007/s00402-019-03239-y. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
The Gekkou-drill® is an industrial drill that is highly efficient due to reduced cutting resistance resulting from its characteristic drill point shape. In this experiment, we compared the degree of thermal damage to bone tissue caused by conventional medical drills and these same drills with Gekkou modifications.
Holes were created in the tibias of living pigs using two different 3.2-mm diameter drills and their modified versions. Regarding the drilling parameters, the thrust force was 10 N and the drilling speeds were 800 revolutions per minute (rpm) and 1500 rpm. We compared the original and modified drills in terms of the bone temperature around the drill bit and the total time necessary to create each hole, the latter calculated using imaging data captured during drilling. In histopathological examination, the percentages of empty lacunae in osteocytes of the cortical bone beneath the periosteum were evaluated at 400 × magnification with an optical microscope.
Compared to the original drills, the modified drills required significantly less time to create each hole and caused a significantly lower temperature rise during bone drilling. With the modified drills, the percentages of empty lacunae around the drilling holes were about 1/2-1/3 of those with the original drills, and were significantly lower for both drilling speeds.
Gekkou-modified medical drills shortened drilling times despite low thrust force, and histopathological assessment demonstrated a significant reduction in osteocyte damage.
Gekkou-drill® 是一种工业钻头，由于其特殊的钻头形状降低了切削阻力，因此效率非常高。在本实验中，我们比较了常规医用钻头和经过 Gekkou 改良后的钻头对骨组织热损伤的程度。
使用两种不同直径为 3.2mm 的钻头及其改良版本在活猪的胫骨上钻孔。关于钻孔参数，推力为 10N，钻孔速度为 800 转/分钟（rpm）和 1500rpm。我们比较了钻头周围的骨温度和创建每个孔所需的总时间，后者通过在钻孔过程中捕获的成像数据进行计算。在组织病理学检查中，在光学显微镜下以 400×的放大倍数评估骨膜下皮质骨中骨细胞的空骨陷窝的百分比。
与原始钻头相比，改良钻头创建每个孔所需的时间明显减少，并且在骨钻孔过程中引起的温升明显降低。使用改良钻头，钻孔周围的空骨陷窝百分比约为原始钻头的 1/2-1/3，两种钻孔速度均显著降低。
Gekkou 改良的医用钻头在低推力的情况下缩短了钻孔时间，组织病理学评估显示骨细胞损伤明显减少。
