Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
School of Control and Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2024 Aug 17;19(1):489. doi: 10.1186/s13018-024-04983-7.
With orthopedic surgery increasing year on year, the main challenges in bone drilling are thermal damage, mechanical damage, and drill skid. The need for new orthopedic drills that improve the quality of surgery is becoming more and more urgent.
Here, we report the skidding mechanism of drills at a wide range of inclination angle and propose two crescent drills (CDTI and CDTII). The anti-skid performance and drilling damage of the crescent drills were analyzed for the first time. Inclined bone drilling experiments were carried out with crescent drills and twist drills and real-time drilling forces and temperatures were collected.
The crescent drills are significantly better than the twist drill in terms of anti-skid, reducing skidding forces, thrust forces and temperature. The highest temperature is generated close to the upper surface of the workpiece rather than at the hole exit. Finally, the longer crescent edge with a small and negative polar angle increases the rake angle of the cutting edge and reduces thrust forces but increases skidding force and temperature. This study can promote the development of high-quality orthopedic surgery and the development of new bone drilling tools.
The crescent drills did not skid and caused little drilling damage. In comparison, the CDTI performs better in reducing the skidding force, while the CDTII performs better in reducing the thrust force.
随着骨科手术逐年增加，骨钻主要面临热损伤、机械损伤和钻头打滑的挑战。因此，需要开发新型的骨科钻头来提高手术质量，这一需求变得越来越迫切。
在这里，我们报告了在广泛倾斜角度下钻头的打滑机制，并提出了两种月牙形钻头（CDTI 和 CDTII）。首次分析了月牙形钻头的防滑性能和钻孔损伤。使用月牙形钻头和麻花钻进行了倾斜骨钻孔实验，并实时采集了钻孔力和温度。
在防滑方面，月牙形钻头明显优于麻花钻，减少了打滑力、轴向力和温度。最高温度产生在靠近工件上表面的位置，而不是孔出口处。最后，具有小的负极角的较长月牙形边缘增加了切削刃的前角，减少了轴向力，但增加了打滑力和温度。本研究可以促进高质量骨科手术的发展和新型骨钻工具的开发。
月牙形钻头没有发生打滑且钻孔损伤较小。相比之下，CDTI 在减少打滑力方面表现更好，而 CDTII 在减少轴向力方面表现更好。
