College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China.
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China.
Mikrochim Acta. 2019 Jul 9;186(8):521. doi: 10.1007/s00604-019-3626-z.
Paper is a widely used support for use in devices for point-of-care testing (POCT) in clinical diagnosis, food safety monitoring and environmental pollution. Paper is inexpensive, biocompatible, biodegradable and allows a sample fluid to flow by capillary force. Numerous method have been developed recently for chemical modification of papers in order to introduce different functionalities. This review (with 148 refs.) summarizes the recent progress in paper-based POCT devices. The introduction summarizes the state of the art of paper-based POCT devices and the physicochemical properties of existing unmodified materials (including cellulose, cellulose-based composites, cotton fibers, glass fibers, nitrocellulose, thread). Methods for paper modification for sample pretreatment are summarized next, with subsections on sample storage and collection, sample separation, nucleic acid extraction and sample preconcentration. Another main section covers approaches for paper modification for improving POCTs, with subsections on assays for proteins, nucleic acids, drugs, ion and organic molecules. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are compared. Several tables are presented that summarize the various modification techniques. A concluding section summarizes the current status, addresses challenges and gives an outlook on future perspectives of POCTs. Graphical abstract This review summarizes the progress that has been made in paper based point-of-care testing (POCT) and lateral flow assays (LFAs), quite often by using advanced nanomaterials for paper modification.
纸张广泛用于临床诊断、食品安全监测和环境污染等即时检测（POCT）设备中作为支撑物。纸张具有成本低、生物相容性、可生物降解和允许样品流体通过毛细作用力流动等特点。为了引入不同的功能，最近已经开发了许多纸张的化学改性方法。本综述（引用了 148 篇参考文献）总结了基于纸张的 POCT 设备的最新进展。引言部分总结了基于纸张的 POCT 设备的现状和现有未经修饰材料的物理化学性质（包括纤维素、基于纤维素的复合材料、棉纤维、玻璃纤维、硝化纤维素、线）。接下来总结了用于样品预处理的纸张改性方法，分为样品储存和收集、样品分离、核酸提取和样品预浓缩等小节。另一个主要部分涵盖了用于改进 POCT 的纸张改性方法，分为蛋白质、核酸、药物、离子和有机分子检测等小节。比较了这些方法的优缺点。呈现了几张表格，总结了各种修饰技术。最后一部分总结了当前的状况，提出了挑战，并展望了 POCT 的未来前景。
