Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell College of Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
Arch Physiol Biochem. 2021 Jun;127(3):195-209. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1628064. Epub 2019 Jul 10.
Vitamin D regulates the calcium and phosphorus balance in the body. The activated form of vitamin D (1 α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) binds to vitamin D receptor which regulates genes that control cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In the cardiovascular system, the vitamin D receptor is present in cardiomyocytes and the arterial wall. A clear correlation between vitamin D level and cardiovascular diseases is established. Vitamin D deficiency affects the renin-angiotensin system leading to ventricular hypertrophy and eventually to stroke. While clinical trials highlighted the positive effects of vitamin D supplements on cardiovascular disease these still need to be confirmed. This review outlines the association between vitamin D and cardiovascular and renal disease summarising the experimental data of selective cardiovascular disorders.
维生素 D 调节体内钙磷平衡。维生素 D 的活性形式（1α，25-二羟维生素 D）与维生素 D 受体结合，调节控制细胞增殖、分化和凋亡的基因。在心血管系统中，维生素 D 受体存在于心肌细胞和动脉壁中。维生素 D 水平与心血管疾病之间存在明确的相关性。维生素 D 缺乏会影响肾素-血管紧张素系统，导致心室肥厚，最终导致中风。虽然临床试验强调了维生素 D 补充剂对心血管疾病的积极影响，但这些影响仍需得到证实。本综述概述了维生素 D 与心血管和肾脏疾病之间的关联，总结了选择性心血管疾病的实验数据。
