Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020 Mar;28(3):984-994. doi: 10.1007/s00167-019-05614-z. Epub 2019 Jul 10.
A few new criteria for early detection and prevention of early knee osteoarthritis (EKOA) have been proposed. However, its prevalence, risk factors, relationship with function and prognosis have not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of EKOA and its risk factors in the Japanese general population.
A total of 1104 volunteers (443 males, 661 females) who participated in the Iwaki cohort study in Japan were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Their bilateral weight-bearing anterior-posterior knee radiographs were classified by Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade. EKOA (KL grade 0/1) was defined according to the following criteria: knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score < 85%, joint line tenderness, and crepitus and its prevalence among age-sex groups was calculated. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors for EKOA.
Eight hundred and twenty-two participants had KL grade 0/1, and the EKOA prevalence was 9.5% in males and 15.0% in females (p = 0.011). The prevalence of EKOA increased with age. The highest prevalence was noted in females aged 50-59 years. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for EKOA were age (p < 0.001, odds ratio (OR) 1.1), female sex (p = 0.002, OR 2.5), high body mass index (p < 0.001, OR 1.2), and history of knee injury (p < 0.001, OR 21.7).
The highest EKOA prevalence was observed in middle adult females (50-59 years old). The risk factors for EKOA were female sex, ageing, obesity and knee injury history, which were extremely similar to those of definitive knee osteoarthritis.
Level I in diagnostic studies-investigating a diagnostic test.
已经提出了一些新的早期检测和预防早期膝骨关节炎（EKOA）的标准。然而，其患病率、危险因素、与功能和预后的关系尚未阐明。本研究旨在调查日本普通人群中 EKOA 的患病率及其危险因素。
本横断面研究共纳入了 1104 名志愿者（443 名男性，661 名女性），他们参加了日本岩木队列研究。对他们双侧负重前后膝关节 X 线片进行 Kellgren-Lawrence（KL）分级。根据以下标准将 EKOA（KL 分级 0/1）定义为：膝关节损伤和骨关节炎结局评分<85%、关节线压痛、捻发音及其在各年龄组中的患病率。采用 logistic 回归分析确定 EKOA 的危险因素。
822 名参与者的 KL 分级为 0/1，男性的 EKOA 患病率为 9.5%，女性为 15.0%（p=0.011）。EKOA 的患病率随年龄增长而增加，在 50-59 岁女性中患病率最高。logistic 回归分析显示，EKOA 的危险因素为年龄（p<0.001，比值比（OR）1.1）、女性（p=0.002，OR 2.5）、高体重指数（p<0.001，OR 1.2）和膝关节损伤史（p<0.001，OR 21.7）。
中年女性（50-59 岁）的 EKOA 患病率最高。EKOA 的危险因素是女性、年龄增长、肥胖和膝关节损伤史，这与明确的膝骨关节炎极为相似。
诊断研究一级——诊断性试验的研究。
