Simpson Kate, Simpson Richard
Division of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Department of Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Nurs Forum. 2019 Oct;54(4):492-498. doi: 10.1111/nuf.12361. Epub 2019 Jul 10.
Nurse staffing shortages are often managed by using temporary staff. This review discovers what is known about nurses who choose to work in this way.
A literature search found eight international studies investigating the lived experience of agency nurses.
Nurses actively choose agency nursing to work flexibly and avoid office politics or as a career stop-gap. However, respondents describe feeling isolated, working difficulties with permanent staff and fewer opportunities for training.
Though participants described positive reasons for choosing agency nursing, there were significant downsides. The findings must be viewed in the context of the continued feminized nature of the nursing profession as care responsibilities were cited as a reason for choosing this study pattern. However, the lack of security and provision of adequate pensions and career advancement are considerable issues. The costs of using agency staff are high and consideration must be given to encouraging these nurses into substantive contracts. These individuals show considerable resilience, flexibility, and varied expertise. Such qualities are vital for health care in the 21st century and understanding why they opt out of permanent nursing will enable employers to adapt practices to harness this. Suggestions for practice and further research are presented.
护士人员短缺问题通常通过使用临时员工来解决。本综述旨在了解选择以这种方式工作的护士的相关情况。
文献检索发现八项国际研究，这些研究调查了代理护士的生活经历。
护士们积极选择代理护理工作是为了获得灵活的工作方式，避免办公室政治，或者将其作为职业的权宜之计。然而，受访者表示感到孤立，与长期员工合作存在困难，并且培训机会较少。
尽管参与者描述了选择代理护理工作的积极原因，但也存在显著的不利因素。鉴于护理行业持续的女性化性质，研究结果必须放在这一背景下看待，因为护理责任被认为是选择这种工作模式的一个原因。然而，缺乏安全感、养老金不足以及职业发展受限都是相当严重的问题。使用代理员工的成本很高，必须考虑鼓励这些护士签订长期合同。这些人展现出了相当的适应能力、灵活性和多样的专业技能。这些特质对21世纪的医疗保健至关重要，了解他们为何选择不从事长期护理工作将使雇主能够调整做法以利用这些特质。文中还提出了实践建议和进一步研究的方向。
