Oláh Katalin, Király Ildikó
Department of Cognitive Psychology, MTA-ELTE Momentum Social Minds Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Psychobiological Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jun 26;10:1399. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01399. eCollection 2019.
This study investigated whether toddlers would selectively imitate a demonstrator who exhibits familiarity with cultural practices in their tool-using habits over a demonstrator who consistently uses tools in an unconventional way. Three-year-old children ( = 45) watched videos depicting two models, one of whom performed tool-using actions in a conventional way, while the other model deviated from social conventions. Then, both models introduced a technique to build a tower (differing in one element). Moreover, the context of the demonstration was also manipulated: in one condition, the models expressed their teaching intentions, while in the other they performed the actions without communicative signals. Children were more willing to copy the actions of the conventionally behaving model, irrespective of the context of the demonstration.
本研究调查了幼儿是否会选择性地模仿一个在工具使用习惯上表现出熟悉文化习俗的示范者，而不是一个始终以非传统方式使用工具的示范者。45名三岁儿童观看了描绘两个模型的视频，其中一个以传统方式执行工具使用动作，而另一个模型则偏离了社会习俗。然后，两个模型都介绍了一种建造塔楼的技术（在一个元素上有所不同）。此外，示范的背景也被操纵：在一种情况下，模型表达了他们的教学意图，而在另一种情况下，他们在没有交流信号的情况下执行动作。无论示范的背景如何，儿童都更愿意模仿行为传统的模型的动作。
