Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland.
Department of Electrochemistry, University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2019 Oct;79(6):412-418. doi: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1637534. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
The matrix metalloproteinases are enzymes capable of remodeling of extracellular matrix, and modulate the behavior of cells. Maturation of gubernaculum and spermatogenesis demand proper equilibrium of metalloproteinases and their inhibitors. The aim of this survey was to investigate the levels of matrix metalloproteinase type 1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase type 2 (MMP-2) in the plasma of children with unilateral cryptorchidism along with levels of Insulin-like Peptide 3 (INSL3) and inhibin B. INSL3 have a role in gubernaculum development. Inhibin B is produced by Sertoli cells, and its levels reflect the status of the testis germinative epithelium. Fifty boys with an undescended testicle, aged 1-4 years (median = 2.4 years) were enrolled into the study. Fifty boys with inguinal hernia aged 1-4 years, served as controls (median age = 2.1 years). Investigators assessed the MMP-1 and MMP-2 concentrations using Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging. The levels of INSL-3 and inhibin B were assessed using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA. The median concentration of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in the blood plasma of patients with unilateral cryptorchidism, was nearly 2-folds higher than in controls. The great area under the ROC curve with the cut off value of 0.865 for MMP-1, and 0.819 for MMP-2, indicates the high clinical sensitivity and specificity of the test of plasma levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 for boys with cryptorchidism. The increased plasma levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2, probably reflect the level of apoptosis of the germ cells in undescended testicles, in response to the heat stress during the period of prepubertal testis development. In the group of cryptorchid boys, we found slightly lower concentrations of INSL3, without statistical significance and without correlation with MMP-1 and MMP-2 levels. There were no significant differences in the levels of inhibin B in the group of boys with cryptorchidism and boys with inguinal hernia and it also did not correlate with MMP-1 and MMP-2 concentrations.
基质金属蛋白酶是能够重塑细胞外基质的酶，并调节细胞的行为。悬韧带和精子发生的成熟需要金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂的适当平衡。本研究的目的是调查单侧隐睾症儿童血浆中基质金属蛋白酶 1（MMP-1）和基质金属蛋白酶 2（MMP-2）的水平以及胰岛素样肽 3（INSL3）和抑制素 B 的水平。INSL3 在悬韧带发育中起作用。抑制素 B 由支持细胞产生，其水平反映了睾丸生殖上皮的状态。我们招募了 50 名 1-4 岁（中位数=2.4 岁）单侧隐睾症男孩进入研究。50 名腹股沟疝 1-4 岁男孩作为对照组（中位数年龄=2.1 岁）。研究人员使用表面等离子体共振成像（Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging）评估 MMP-1 和 MMP-2 浓度。使用商业酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）评估 INSL-3 和抑制素 B 的水平。单侧隐睾症患儿血浆中 MMP-1 和 MMP-2 的中位数浓度几乎是对照组的 2 倍。对于 MMP-1，ROC 曲线下面积（area under the ROC curve，AUC）为 0.865，对于 MMP-2，AUC 为 0.819，表明 MMP-1 和 MMP-2 血浆水平检测对隐睾症男孩具有较高的临床敏感性和特异性。MMP-1 和 MMP-2 血浆水平升高，可能反映了未降睾丸中生殖细胞的凋亡水平，以应对青春期前睾丸发育过程中的热应激。在隐睾症男孩组中，我们发现 INSL3 的浓度略低，但无统计学意义，且与 MMP-1 和 MMP-2 水平无相关性。隐睾症男孩组和腹股沟疝男孩组抑制素 B 水平无显著差异，也与 MMP-1 和 MMP-2 浓度无相关性。
