Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carretera d'Accés a la Cala St.Francesc, 14, 17300, Blanes, Girona, Spain.
SOCIB, Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System. Parc Bit, Naorte, Bloc A 2, pta. 3. 07121, Palma-Illes Balears, Spain.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Sep;252(Pt B):1742-1754. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.063. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
Plastic pollution is widespread in all the oceans and seas, representing a significant threat to most of their ecosystems even in marine protected areas (MPAs). This study determines the floating plastic distribution in four different periods between 2014 and 2015 in the recently approved Menorca Channel MPA (Balearic Islands). Plastic debris were persistent during all sampling periods on the surface of the Channel, composed mainly by the microplastic sizes. Average particle abundances ranged from 138,293 items⋅km in autumn to 347,793 items⋅km during the spring, while weight densities varied from 458.15 g(DW)⋅km in winter to 2016.67 g(DW)⋅km in summer. Rigid plastics were the most frequent particles in all the periods analysed (from 89.40%-winter to 94.54%-spring). The high-resolution and particle distribution models corroborated that the oceanographic variability shapes different patterns of presence of plastics, and in particular the existence of areas with almost no plastics.
塑料污染广泛存在于所有海洋中，即使在海洋保护区（MPA）中，也对大多数海洋生态系统构成重大威胁。本研究在最近批准的梅诺卡海峡 MPA（巴利阿里群岛）中，于 2014 年至 2015 年的四个不同时期确定了漂浮塑料的分布情况。在海峡的整个表面，塑料碎片在所有采样期间都持续存在，主要由微塑料尺寸组成。平均颗粒丰度范围从秋季的 138293 个⋅km 到春季的 347793 个⋅km，而重量密度范围从冬季的 458.15 g(DW)⋅km 到夏季的 2016.67 g(DW)⋅km。在所有分析的时期中，刚性塑料都是最常见的颗粒（从 89.40%到冬季到 94.54%到春季）。高分辨率和颗粒分布模型证实，海洋变化形成了不同的塑料存在模式，特别是存在几乎没有塑料的区域。
