Compa Montserrat, Alomar Carme, López Cortès María Francesca, Rios-Fuster Beatriz, Morató Mercè, Capó Xavier, Fagiano Valentina, Deudero Salud
Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain.
Dirección General de Espacios Naturales y Biodiversidad, Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre del Archipiélago de Cabrera, Gremi de Corredors 10, Polígon de Son Rossinyol, 07009 Palma, Spain.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Sep 20;11(10):1375. doi: 10.3390/biology11101375.
We have applied a multispecies ecosystem approach to analyse the ingestion of anthropogenic particles (AP) in the gastrointestinal tract of 313 individuals (17 fish species and 8 invertebrate species) from pelagic, demersal and benthic habitats in a marine protected area off the Western Mediterranean (Cabrera National Park). We have quantified and characterized the ingestion at several taxonomic levels of fish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, bivalves, and jellyfish in relation to biotic/abiotic factors based on taxonomic groups, trophic guilds (functional groups) and habitats. AP ingestion occurrence ranged from 26 to 100% with no significant differences among taxonomic groups. The fish within the MPA showed an overall ingestion occurrence ranging from 0 to 100%, the echinoderms from 29 to 100%, the bivalves from 72 to 96% and the jellyfish 36% ingestion. The ecosystem approach applied to evaluate overall AP ingestion within the species reported that for trophic guilds, the omnivorous species ingested the highest amounts of anthropogenic items, while herbivores ingested significantly fewer items than all other trophic guilds. Moreover, no significant differences were found amongst habitats, indicating a homogeneous spatial distribution of APs at all studied habitats. The multispecies approach provided insight into the high APs exposure to species within Cabrera MPA, highlighting the potential harm linked with marine litter that threatens marine biodiversity.
我们采用了多物种生态系统方法，分析了来自西地中海（卡布雷拉国家公园）一个海洋保护区中上层、底层和底栖生境的313个个体（17种鱼类和8种无脊椎动物）胃肠道中人为颗粒（AP）的摄取情况。我们基于分类群、营养类群（功能群）和栖息地，在鱼类、海胆、海参、双壳贝类和水母的多个分类水平上，对与生物/非生物因素相关的摄取情况进行了量化和特征描述。AP摄取发生率在26%至100%之间，分类群之间无显著差异。海洋保护区内的鱼类总体摄取发生率在0%至100%之间，棘皮动物为29%至100%，双壳贝类为72%至96%，水母的摄取率为36%。用于评估物种内总体AP摄取的生态系统方法表明，对于营养类群而言，杂食性物种摄取的人为物品数量最多，而草食性物种摄取的物品明显少于所有其他营养类群。此外，在不同栖息地之间未发现显著差异，这表明在所有研究的栖息地中AP的空间分布是均匀的。多物种方法揭示了卡布雷拉海洋保护区内物种面临的高AP暴露情况，凸显了与海洋垃圾相关的潜在危害，而海洋垃圾正威胁着海洋生物多样性。
