Department of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland.
Cardiology Outpatient Clinic - Lower Silesian Center for Diagnostics and Cardiac Therapy MEDINET, Wrocław, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2019 Jul 12;25:5159-5169. doi: 10.12659/MSM.914684.
BACKGROUND Respiratory therapy is an integral part of treatment of cardiac patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of addition of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) to second-stage cardiac rehabilitation on exercise tolerance and function of lower extremities in patients following myocardial infarction (MI). MATERIAL AND METHODS This study included 90 patients (mean age 65 years) with MI who took part in the second stage of an 8-week cycle of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). They were divided into 3 groups: group I underwent CR and IMT, group II only underwent CR, and group III only underwent IMT. Groups I and II were allocated randomly according sealed opaque envelopes. The third group consisted of patients who could not participate in standard rehabilitation for various reasons. Before and after the 8-week program, participants were assessed for maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure (PImax and PEmax) values, exercise tolerance, and knee muscle strength. RESULTS In groups I and II, a significant increase in the PImax parameters and exercise tolerance parameters (MET) were observed. Group I had increased PEmax parameters. In group III, the same changes in the parameter values that reflect respiratory muscle function were observed. All of the examined strength parameters of the knee joint muscles demonstrated improvement in all of the investigated groups, but the biggest differences were observed in group I. CONCLUSIONS Use of IMT in the ambulatory rehabilitation program of MI patients resulted in improved rehabilitation efficacy, leading to a significant improvement in physical condition.
呼吸治疗是心脏患者治疗的一个组成部分。本研究的目的是评估在心肌梗死后（MI）患者的第二阶段心脏康复中加入吸气肌训练（IMT）对运动耐量和下肢功能的影响。
本研究纳入了 90 名（平均年龄 65 岁）接受 MI 第二阶段 8 周心脏康复（CR）周期的患者。他们被分为 3 组：组 I 接受 CR 和 IMT，组 II 仅接受 CR，组 III 仅接受 IMT。组 I 和 II 是根据密封的不透明信封随机分配的。第三组由因各种原因无法参加标准康复的患者组成。在 8 周计划前后，对参与者的最大吸气和呼气压力（PImax 和 PEmax）值、运动耐量和膝关节肌肉力量进行评估。
在组 I 和 II 中，PImax 参数和运动耐量参数（MET）显著增加。组 I 的 PEmax 参数增加。在组 III 中，反映呼吸肌功能的参数值也发生了相同的变化。所有检查的膝关节肌肉力量参数在所有研究组中都有所改善，但在组 I 中观察到的差异最大。
在 MI 患者的门诊康复计划中使用 IMT 可提高康复效果，显著改善身体状况。
