The Swedish Species Information Centre (ArtDatabanken), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7007, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ambio. 2020 Feb;49(2):517-530. doi: 10.1007/s13280-019-01215-9. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
Sustainable management of coastal and inland water areas requires knowledge of how tourism and recreation affects the ecosystems. Here, we present the first systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify to what extent recreational boat traffic and infrastructure for mooring affect the abundance of submerged vegetation on soft bottoms. Our systematic search yielded 25 studies containing data on effects of boat traffic, docks and mooring buoys on vegetation abundance. The abundance below docks was on average 18% of that in controls, and areas with boat traffic had on average 42% of the abundance in control areas. Mooring buoys often created scour areas without vegetation. However, the effects were variable and there were too few studies to test the reasons for this variability. We conclude that boating can cause significant declines in submerged vegetation but that informed management of boat traffic and improved design of docks and buoys can reduce negative impacts.
沿海和内陆水域的可持续管理需要了解旅游和娱乐活动如何影响生态系统。在这里，我们进行了首次系统综述和荟萃分析，以量化休闲船艇交通和系泊基础设施对软底底栖植被丰度的影响程度。我们的系统搜索得到了 25 项研究，其中包含了关于船只交通、码头和系泊浮标对植被丰度影响的数据。码头下方的丰度平均为对照区的 18%，而有船只交通的区域丰度平均为对照区的 42%。系泊浮标经常会在没有植被的地方形成冲刷区。然而，这些影响是可变的，而且研究太少，无法检验这种可变性的原因。我们的结论是，船只可能会导致底栖植被大量减少，但通过对船只交通进行明智的管理以及改进码头和浮标设计，可以减少负面影响。
