Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2021;50:225-244. doi: 10.1007/7854_2019_92.
There is a paucity of information on neurocognitive dysfunction in individuals with HIV in resource-limited regions, despite the fact that these areas have the greatest burden of infection. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains a common complication of HIV despite the use of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). HAND is a major cause of morbidity of HIV+ individuals and is estimated to be the most prevalent form of neurocognitive impairment worldwide in young adults. This finding has drastic implications for the productivity and social engagement of young adults in the development of industry, education, and healthcare, which is particularly relevant in low-income countries. Building an infrastructure to examine the neurological and neuropsychological characteristics of HIV+ individuals in resource-limited settings (RLS) can advance the understanding of the unique contributing factors of HIV-1 clades in these regions of high prevalence, improve neurological monitoring, explore the CNS HIV reservoir, and provide key information on prevention/interventions to help manage/improve these neurological and neuropsychological complications.
在资源有限的地区，尽管这些地区的感染负担最大，但有关 HIV 感染者神经认知功能障碍的信息却很少。尽管采用了有效的抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART），但与 HIV 相关的神经认知障碍（HAND）仍然是 HIV 的常见并发症。HAND 是 HIV 感染者发病率的主要原因，据估计，它是全世界年轻人中最普遍的神经认知障碍形式。这一发现对年轻人在工业、教育和医疗保健领域的生产力和社会参与产生了重大影响，在低收入国家尤其如此。在资源有限的环境中建立一个检查 HIV 阳性个体的神经和神经心理学特征的基础设施，可以促进对这些高流行地区 HIV-1 亚型的独特致病因素的理解，改善神经监测，探索中枢神经系统 HIV 储存库，并提供有关预防/干预的关键信息，以帮助管理/改善这些神经和神经心理学并发症。
