Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, University of Granada, Spain.
Gerontologist. 2020 Apr 2;60(3):406-415. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnz094.
The paradigm of active aging has been slowly gaining ground in Europe as the ideal framework for public policy and for responding to the population's aging. Taking the work by Rune Ervik as its point of departure, this article updates his conclusions on conceptualizations and policies of active aging by performing a study of the institutional discourses in the matter produced by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and the European Union (EU).
A corpus of 15 WHO, OECD, and EU documents published in the period 2002-2015 and tackling active aging were analyzed qualitatively through a combination of content and thematic analysis, based on a scheme integrated by deductive and inductive iterative manual and computerized codification.
The institutional discourses on active aging analyzed have not changed dramatically in the period considered. However, a divergent path has emerged regarding the accent placed on participation and contribution in the construction of the paradigm: the more socially productive and health-oriented WHO discourse is slowly separating from the more economically productive and labor-oriented discourses of the EU and OECD.
The institutional paradigm on active aging is evolving into a reductive treatment of a phenomenon that is multidimensional. International institutions and researchers should pay closer attention and forge a path toward an honest and critical examination of the real conditions and expectations of older people concerning the discursive and practical proposals of active aging, in all its different forms.
积极老龄化模式在欧洲逐渐得到认可，成为公共政策的理想框架，以应对人口老龄化问题。本文以 Rune Ervik 的研究为起点，通过对世界卫生组织（WHO）、经济合作与发展组织（OECD）和欧盟（EU）在这一主题上的机构话语进行研究，对他关于积极老龄化的概念和政策的结论进行了更新。
本文对 2002-2015 年间出版的 15 份 WHO、OECD 和 EU 关于积极老龄化的文件进行了定性分析，采用内容分析和主题分析相结合的方法，基于一个综合了演绎和归纳迭代手动和计算机编码的方案。
在所研究的时间段内，积极老龄化的机构话语并没有发生巨大变化。然而，在构建该模式时，关于参与和贡献的侧重点出现了分歧：更注重社会生产力和健康的 WHO 话语正逐渐与更注重经济生产力和劳动力的欧盟和经合组织话语分道扬镳。
积极老龄化的机构范式正在演变成对一个多维度现象的简化处理。国际机构和研究人员应该更加关注这一问题，并为积极老龄化的话语和实践建议的真实条件和老年人的期望进行诚实和批判性的探讨开辟道路，无论其形式如何。
