School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, P. R. China.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, P. R. China.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 12;9(1):10100. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46600-2.
The Ganjiang River (length: 823 km; drainage area: 82,809 km) is the largest river that flows into Poyang Lake and an important tributary of the Yangtze River. In this study, fish fauna were collected from 10 stations in the lower reaches of the river (YC: Yichun, XY: Xinyu, SG: Shanggao, GA: Ganan, ZS: Zhangshu, FC: Fengcheng, NC: Nanchang, QS: Qiaoshe, NX: Nanxin, CC: Chucha) from March 2017 to February 2018. The species composition and distribution as well as spatio-temporal variation in biodiversity and abundance were then examined. Overall, 12,680 samples comprising15 families and 84 species were collected, the majority of which belonged to the Order Cypriniformes (69.05% of the total species collected) and Cyprinidae (64.29%). Moreover, of these 84 species, 36 (42.86%) were endemic to China. Dominant species were Cyprinus carpio (index of relative importance (IRI): 17.19%), Pseudobrama simoni (IRI: 10.81%) and Xenocypris argentea (IRI: 10.20%). Subsequent cluster analysis divided the samples into three significantly different groups by sample site. Meanwhile, Margalef species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices were both low, and along with analyses of abundance-biomass curves suggested moderate disturbance. Current threats to the conservation of fish biodiversity in the lower reaches were also reviewed and management solutions suggested. The results will help form the basis for reasonable exploitation and protection of freshwater fish in the lower reaches of the Ganjiang River.
赣江（长度：823 公里；流域面积：82809 平方公里）是流入鄱阳湖的最大河流，也是长江的重要支流。本研究于 2017 年 3 月至 2018 年 2 月在河流下游的 10 个站位（YC：宜春；XY：新余；SG：上高；GA：赣安；ZS：樟树；FC：丰城；NC：南昌；QS：乔舍；NX：南新；CC：滁槎）采集鱼类。随后对物种组成、分布以及生物多样性和丰度的时空变化进行了检验。共采集到 12680 个样本，隶属于 15 科 84 种，其中以鲤形目（采集到的总物种数的 69.05%）和鲤科（64.29%）为主。此外，84 种中有 36 种（42.86%）为中国特有种。优势种为鲤鱼（相对重要性指数（IRI）：17.19%）、拟鱲（IRI：10.81%）和银飘鱼（IRI：10.20%）。聚类分析随后根据站位将样本分为三个显著不同的组。同时，Margalef 物种丰富度和 Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数均较低，丰度-生物量曲线分析表明存在中度干扰。还对下游鱼类生物多样性保护面临的当前威胁进行了综述，并提出了管理建议。研究结果将有助于为合理开发和保护赣江下游淡水鱼类提供依据。
