College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2019 Dec 15;380:120828. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120828. Epub 2019 Jun 26.
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), the pollutants of emerging concerns, present potential risks to the ecological environment. This study focused on the prioritization of widely used selected PPCPs belonging to two categories:personal care products (PCPs) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We predicted the toxicogenetic endpoints of PPCPs and then confirmed them using experimental approaches. Our results revealed a significant similarity in the findings obtained through both approaches, indicating NSAIDs with relatively high environmental impacts and in vitro/vivo toxicity. Experimental approach revealed that musk xylene (MX) from PCPs and DIC from NSAIDs as individual chemicals of priority concern showed elevated environmental impacts and significantly induced pi3k-akt-mTOR in vitro. Similarly, propyl paraben (PP) from PCPs and diclofenac (DIC) from NSAIDs caused significant cytotoxicity and DNA damage in vitro. Moreover, PP and MX from the PCPs group and naproxen (NAP) and DIC from the NSAIDs group induced developmental toxicity and perturbations to phases I, II, and III detoxification pathways in vivo. In addition, MX and DIC as priority PPCPs inhibited hematopoiesis and hepatogenesis in vivo. Apart from the specific effects, PPCPs can be ranked as: MX > PP > methylparaben (MP) for PCPs, and DIC > NAP > ibuprofen (IBU) for NSAIDs, regarding their toxic and environmental concerns.
药品和个人护理产品（PPCPs）作为新兴关注污染物，对生态环境存在潜在风险。本研究重点关注两类广泛使用的选定 PPCPs 的优先级：个人护理产品（PCPs）和非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）。我们预测了 PPCPs 的毒理学终点，然后通过实验方法进行了验证。研究结果表明，两种方法的发现具有显著的相似性，表明具有相对较高环境影响和体外/体内毒性的 NSAIDs。实验方法表明，PCPs 中的麝香二甲苯（MX）和 NSAIDs 中的双氯芬酸（DIC）作为优先关注的个别化学物质，表现出较高的环境影响，并显著在体外诱导 pi3k-akt-mTOR。同样，PCPs 中的丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯（PP）和 NSAIDs 中的双氯芬酸（DIC）在体外引起明显的细胞毒性和 DNA 损伤。此外，PCPs 组的 PP 和 MX 以及 NSAIDs 组的萘普生（NAP）和 DIC 在体内诱导发育毒性，并扰乱 I、II 和 III 期解毒途径。此外，作为优先 PPCPs 的 MX 和 DIC 体内抑制造血和肝发生。除了特定影响外，PPCPs 可按以下顺序进行分类：PCPs 组中的 MX > PP > 对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（MP），以及 NSAIDs 组中的 DIC > NAP > 布洛芬（IBU），考虑到它们的毒性和环境问题。
