Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2019 Sep;1452(1):52-64. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14180. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
The ratio between frontal resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) theta and beta frequency power (theta/beta ratio, TBR) is negatively related to cognitive control. It is unknown which psychological processes during resting state account for this. Increased theta and reduced beta power are observed during mind wandering (MW), and MW is related to decreased connectivity in the executive control network (ECN) and increased connectivity in the default mode network (DMN). The goal of this study was to test if MW-related fluctuations in TBR covary with such functional variation in ECN and DMN connectivity and if this functional variation is related to resting-state TBR. Data were analyzed for 26 participants who performed a 40-min breath-counting task and reported the occurrence of MW episodes while EEG was measured and again during magnetic resonance imaging. Frontal TBR was higher during MW than controlled thought and this was marginally related to resting-state TBR. DMN connectivity was higher and ECN connectivity was lower during MW. Greater ECN connectivity during focus than MW was correlated to lower TBR during focus than MW. These results provide the first evidence of the neural correlates of TBR and its functional dynamics and further establish TBR's usefulness for the study of executive control, in normal and potentially abnormal psychology.
静息态额部脑电图（EEG）θ和β频段功率的比值（θ/β 比值，TBR）与认知控制呈负相关。目前尚不清楚静息状态下哪种心理过程与之相关。在漫游思维（MW）中观察到θ波增加和β波减少，并且 MW 与执行控制网络（ECN）的连通性降低和默认模式网络（DMN）的连通性增加有关。本研究的目的是测试 MW 相关的 TBR 波动是否与 ECN 和 DMN 连通性的这种功能变化相关，以及这种功能变化是否与静息状态下的 TBR 相关。对 26 名参与者进行了数据分析，他们在进行 40 分钟的呼吸计数任务时测量了 EEG，并在报告 MW 发作时再次进行了磁共振成像。MW 时的额部 TBR 高于受控思维，并且与静息状态下的 TBR 呈边缘相关。MW 时 DMN 的连通性较高，ECN 的连通性较低。与 MW 相比，专注时 ECN 的连通性更高与 MW 时的 TBR 较低相关。这些结果为 TBR 及其功能动态的神经相关性提供了首个证据，并进一步证明了 TBR 对研究执行控制的有用性，无论是在正常还是潜在异常的心理学中。
